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arXiv 0810.4386quant-phcond-mat.supr-con
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使用基于开关的检测器的量子比特的弱和强测量

Weak and strong measurement of a qubit using a switching-based detector

S. Ashhab, J. Q. You, Franco Nori

摘要:

我们分析了基于开关的探测器的操作,该探测器探测量子比特的可观测量,该可观测量不与量子比特的哈密顿量交换,从而导致测量和自由量子比特动态之间的非平凡相互作用。为了获得分析结果和发展的不同可能的操作制度的直观理解,我们使用的理论模型,其中检测器是一个量子两级系统,不断监测的宏观系统。我们分析了如何解释测量的结果,以及在测量时量子比特的状态如何演变。我们发现,上述问题的答案取决于问题中不同参数之间的关系。除了传统的强测量制度,我们确定了一些制度与弱量子位检测器耦合。开关时间可高精度测量的非相干检测器可以提供高保真信息,但是测量基础仅在检测器的开关时确定。切换时间只能以低精度获知的非相干检测器提供了具有降低的测量保真度的量子位能量本征基中的测量。相干检测器在其能量本征基中测量量子比特,并且在某些条件下可以提供高保真信息。

英文摘要:

We analyze the operation of a switching-based detector that probes a qubit's observable that does not commute with the qubit's Hamiltonian, leading to a nontrivial interplay between the measurement and free-qubit dynamics. In order to obtain analytic results and develop intuitive understanding of the different possible regimes of operation, we use a theoretical model where the detector is a quantum two-level system that is constantly monitored by a macroscopic system. We analyze how to interpret the outcome of the measurement and how the state of the qubit evolves while it is being measured. We find that the answers to the above questions depend on the relation between the different parameters in the problem. In addition to the traditional strong-measurement regime, we identify a number of regimes associated with weak qubit-detector coupling. An incoherent detector whose switching time is measurable with high accuracy can provide high-fidelity information, but the measurement basis is determined only upon switching of the detector. An incoherent detector whose switching time can be known only with low accuracy provides a measurement in the qubit's energy eigenbasis with reduced measurement fidelity. A coherent detector measures the qubit in its energy eigenbasis and, under certain conditions, can provide high-fidelity information.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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