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arXiv 0810.2932astro-ph
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GRB外流中剩余碰撞的瞬发GeV发射:来自GRB 080916 c费米观测的证据

Prompt GeV Emission from Residual Collisions in GRB Outflows: Evidence from Fermi Observations of GRB 080916c

Zhuo Li

摘要:

来自伽马射线暴(GRB)的伽玛射线被认为是由小时间尺度(~1 ms)的GRB流出变化驱动的内部冲击产生的,并且通常预期在GeV范围附近的成对产生光谱截止。然而,观测到的伴随伽玛暴的闪光表明,由于大的时间尺度变化,延迟的剩余碰撞继续加速电子。我们在这里表明,这些残余的内部冲击电子的逆康普顿(IC)散射的提示伽马射线导致超出先前认为的光谱截止的高能量发射,在协议与EGRET在几个GRB中的GeV光子的先前检测与MeV的发射。我们预期由于在先前认为的光谱截止处从初级到残余内部冲击发射的过渡而导致的光谱中断,并且预期高能光子相对于MeV发射的系统时间延迟,其发现将对流出性质提供严格的约束,但是需要足够大的高能光子收集,例如,Fermi和AGILE卫星最近费米探测到的明亮GRB 080916 c明确地显示了随着光子能量的增加,即时发射向稍后时间的转移,正如剩余碰撞模型所预测的那样。检测到的提示,最高能量的光子(约70 GeV的伽玛射线暴的休息帧)可能不是由主要的内部冲击,但在剩余碰撞IC排放。用高能辐射时间延迟的方法测定了GRB 080916 c的体洛伦兹因子为300。

英文摘要:

The gamma-rays from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are believed to be produced by internal shocks driven by small timescale, ~1 ms, variation in the GRB outflows, and a pair-production spectral cutoff is generally expected around the GeV range. However, the observed optical flashes accompanying GRBs suggest that the delayed residual collisions due to large timescale variation continue to accelerate electrons. We show here that the inverse-Compton (IC) scattering of the prompt gamma-rays by these residual internal shock electrons leads to a high energy emission beyond the previously thought spectral cutoff, in agreement with the previous detections of GeV photons by EGRET in several GRBs in conjunction with MeV emission. We expect a spectral break due to the transition from the primary to residual internal shock emission at the previously thought spectral cutoff, and expect systematic time delays of high energy photons relative to MeV emission, the discovery of which would provide stringent constraint on the outflow properties, but requires large enough collection of high energy photons by, e.g., Fermi and AGILE satellites. The recent Fermi-detected bright GRB 080916c unambiguously shows the shifting of the prompt emission toward later times as the photon energy increases, as predicted in the residual collision model. The detected prompt, highest energy photon (about 70 GeV in the rest frame of the GRB) may not be produced by primary internal shocks but by IC emission in residual collisions. With the method involving time delays of high energy emission, the bulk Lorentz factor of GRB 080916c is determined to be Γ~ 300.

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