铷原子永久电偶极矩的电荷共轭和宇称破缺的一个新例子
New example of charge conjugation and parity violation from search for a permanent electric dipole moment of Rubidium atom
摘要：
量子力学认为，由于原子的球对称性，所有的原子都不具有永久电偶极矩。因此，自然界中除了极性分子外，不存在极性原子。由极性物质取向引起的极化率与绝对温度T成反比，而原子的感生极化率与温度无关。利用特殊的电容器，我们的实验发现Rb原子在非均匀电场中的定向运动，Rb原子的基态是极性原子，具有大的EDM：d（Rb）=2.72*10-29C.m = 1.70*10-8e.cm。实验表明，Rb蒸气的焓与T的关系为焓=B/T，其中，作为极性分子，斜率B =380（k）。测量了其在不同电压V下的电容C。C-V曲线表明，当E> 8.5 × 104 V/m时，Rb蒸气出现饱和极化。在Rb原子中发生了CP（电荷共轭和宇称）破坏的新例子（参见arXiv 0809.4767）。如果Rb原子有大的EDM，为什么没有观察到线性斯塔克效应？这篇文章详尽地讨论了这个问题。由于实验的细节在文中有详细的描述，所以我们的结果很容易重复。
英文摘要：
Quantum mechanics thinks that all atoms do not have permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) because of their spherical symmetry. Therefore, there is no polar atom in nature except for polar molecules. The electric susceptibility Xe caused by the orientation of polar substances is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature T while the induced susceptibility of atoms is temperature independent. Using special capacitors our experiments discovered that directional motion of Rb atoms in a non-uniform electric field and ground state Rb atom is polar atom with a large EDM: d(Rb) =2.72*10-29C.m = 1.70*10-8e.cm. The experiment showed that the relationship between Xe of Rb vapor and T is just Xe =B/T, where the slope B =380(k) as polar molecules. Its capacitance C at different voltage V was measured. The C-V curve shows that the saturation polarization of Rb vapor has be observed when E more than 8.5*104V/m. New example of CP (charge conjugation and parity) violation occurred in Rb atoms (see arXiv 0809.4767). If Rb atom has a large EDM, why the linear Stark effect has not been observed? The article discussed the question thoroughly. Our results are easy to be repeated because the details of the experiment are described in the article.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
