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arXiv 0810.0446astro-ph
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银河系黑洞的近红外变率研究:一个没有探测到周期性的红噪声源

A near-IR variability study of the Galactic black hole: a red noise source with no detected periodicity

Tuan Do, Andrea M. Ghez, Mark R. Morris, Sylvana Yelda, Leo Meyer, Jessica R. Lu, Seth D. Hornstein, Keith Matthews

摘要:

我们提出的结果,近红外(2和3微米)监测的Sgr A*-IR与1分钟的时间采样使用自然和激光导星自适应光学(LGS AO)系统在凯克II望远镜。在2005年7月至2007年8月的7个晚上,连续观察了Sgr A*-IR长达3小时。Sgr A*-IR在所有时间都被检测到,并且是连续可变的,其中观察到的2微米通量密度的中值为0.192 mJ y,对应于K '处的16.3量级。这些观察使我们能够研究奈奎斯特采样周期,范围从约2分钟到一小时。使用蒙特卡罗模拟,我们发现,在这个数据集的Sgr A* 的可变性是一致的模型的基础上的相关噪声与功率谱具有频率依赖的幂律斜率之间的2.0至3.0,一致的AGN光变曲线的报告。特别令人感兴趣的是~20分钟的周期,对应于基于先前的近红外观测所声称的准周期信号,并被解释为旋转黑洞的最后稳定轨道处或附近的“热点”轨道。我们发现,在任何时间尺度探测这些新的观测周期信号没有显着的周期性。本研究对振幅大于基础红噪声分量最大振幅20%的周期信号敏感,光变曲线持续时间大于约2小时,置信限为98%。

英文摘要:

We present the results of near-infrared (2 and 3 microns) monitoring of Sgr A*-IR with 1 min time sampling using the natural and laser guide star adaptive optics (LGS AO) system at the Keck II telescope. Sgr A*-IR was observed continuously for up to three hours on each of seven nights, between 2005 July and 2007 August. Sgr A*-IR is detected at all times and is continuously variable, with a median observed 2 micron flux density of 0.192 mJy, corresponding to 16.3 magnitude at K'. These observations allow us to investigate Nyquist sampled periods ranging from about 2 minutes to an hour. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the variability of Sgr A* in this data set is consistent with models based on correlated noise with power spectra having frequency dependent power law slopes between 2.0 to 3.0, consistent with those reported for AGN light curves. Of particular interest are periods of ~20 min, corresponding to a quasi-periodic signal claimed based upon previous near-infrared observations and interpreted as the orbit of a 'hot spot' at or near the last stable orbit of a spinning black hole. We find no significant periodicity at any time scale probed in these new observations for periodic signals. This study is sensitive to periodic signals with amplitudes greater than 20% of the maximum amplitude of the underlying red noise component for light curves with duration greater than ~2 hours at a 98% confidence limit.

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