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arXiv 0810.0271astro-ph
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Hydra A星系团中的大尺度激波

The large-scale shock in the cluster of galaxies Hydra A

A. Simionescu, E. Roediger, P. E. J. Nulsen, M. Brüggen, W. R. Forman, H. Böhringer, N. Werner, A. Finoguenov

摘要:

我们分析了对长蛇座A星系团的深度XMM-牛顿观测,重点是在钱德拉图像中发现的表面亮度不连续的大规模冲击。在压力图和几个扇区的温度分布图中都可以看到激波阵面。由温度跃变确定的马赫数与由EPIC/pn表面亮度廓线和以前由Chandra数据得到的马赫数很好地一致,并且与M~1.3一致。使用球对称点爆炸模型估计的不同扇区的冲击年龄范围在1.3亿年和2.3亿年之间,爆发能量在1.5和3e 61尔格之间。在压力图中看到的激波形状可以近似为一个椭圆,中心为70 kpc,从星团中心向东北方向移动。我们的目标是发展一个更好的模型,可以解释的激波中心和活动星系核之间的偏移,并给出一个一致的结果的冲击年龄和能量。为此,我们进行了三维流体动力学模拟,其中的冲击是由一对对称的活动星系核喷流发射在一个球形星系团。作为对观测到的激波中心偏移的一种解释,我们考虑了在团内介质中的大规模整体流动。模拟成功地再现了所观察到的激波阵面的大小、椭圆率和平均马赫数。预测的冲击年龄为1.6亿年,总输入能量为3e 61尔格。这两个值都在球对称模型确定的范围内。与观测到的激波椭圆距星团中心70 kpc的偏移相匹配,需要670 km/s的高速度的大尺度相干运动。我们讨论了这种情况下的可行性,并提供替代方法来产生的偏移,并进一步改善模拟。

英文摘要:

We analyzed a deep XMM-Newton observation of the cluster of galaxies Hydra A, focusing on the large-scale shock discovered as a surface brightness discontinuity in Chandra images. The shock front can be seen both in the pressure map and in temperature profiles in several sectors. The Mach numbers determined from the temperature jumps are in good agreement with the Mach numbers derived from EPIC/pn surface brightness profiles and previously from Chandra data and are consistent with M~1.3. The estimated shock age in the different sectors using a spherically symmetric point explosion model ranges between 130 and 230 Myr and the outburst energy between 1.5 and 3e61 ergs. The shape of the shock seen in the pressure map can be approximated with an ellipse centered 70 kpc towards the NE from the cluster center. We aimed to develop a better model that can explain the offset between the shock center and the AGN and give a consistent result on the shock age and energy. To this end, we performed 3D hydrodynamical simulations in which the shock is produced by a symmetrical pair of AGN jets launched in a spherical galaxy cluster. As an explanation of the observed offset of the shock center, we consider large-scale bulk flows in the intracluster medium. The simulation successfully reproduces the size, ellipticity, and average Mach number of the observed shock front. The predicted age of the shock is 160 Myr and the total input energy 3e61 erg. Both values are within the range determined by the spherically symmetric model. Matching the observed 70 kpc offset of the shock ellipse from the cluster center requires large-scale coherent motions with a high velocity of 670 km/s. We discuss the feasibility of this scenario and offer alternative ways to produce the offset and to further improve the simulation.

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