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arXiv 0810.0026quant-ph
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纠缠理论与多体物理的量子模拟

Entanglement Theory and the Quantum Simulation of Many-Body Physics

Fernando G. S. L. Brandao

摘要:

在这篇论文中,我们提出了与量子信息科学中两个重要问题相关的新结果:纠缠理论的发展和利用受控量子系统模拟量子多体现象的探索。在第一部分中,我们介绍了一种新的方法来研究纠缠,考虑它的操作下不能产生纠缠,并证明了在这个框架下的多体量子态的全序。我们还提出了新的结果的假设检验相关的来源,并提供了进一步的证据NPPT束缚纠缠的存在。在第二部分中,我们研究了量子计算机在计算多体系统性质方面的潜力和局限性。首先,我们分析了量子计算的有用性,以计算局部哈密顿量的配分函数和谱密度的加法近似。然后,我们表明,确定的基态能量的局部哈密顿量与一个反多项式的光谱间隙是QCMA困难的。在第三部分,也是最后一部分,我们从一个更实用的角度来探讨量子模拟多体系统的问题。我们分析了在耦合微腔阵列中实现范例凝聚态哈密顿量,如玻色-哈伯德和各向异性海森堡模型,并讨论了实验实现的可行性与国家的最先进的当前技术。

英文摘要:

In this thesis we present new results relevant to two important problems in quantum information science: the development of a theory of entanglement and the exploration of the use of controlled quantum systems to the simulation of quantum many-body phenomena. In the first part we introduce a new approach to the study of entanglement by considering its manipulation under operations not capable of generating entanglement and show there is a total order for multipartite quantum states in this framework. We also present new results on hypothesis testing of correlated sources and give further evidence on the existence of NPPT bound entanglement. In the second part, we study the potential as well as the limitations of a quantum computer for calculating properties of many-body systems. First we analyse the usefulness of quantum computation to calculate additive approximations to partition functions and spectral densities of local Hamiltonians. We then show that the determination of ground state energies of local Hamiltonians with an inverse polynomial spectral gap is QCMA-hard. In the third and last part, we approach the problem of quantum simulating many-body systems from a more pragmatic point of view. We analyze the realization of paradigmatic condensed matter Hamiltonians in arrays of coupled microcavities, such as the Bose-Hubbard and the anisotropic Heisenberg models, and discuss the feasibility of an experimental realization with state-of-the-art current technology.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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