In previous works effective non-local $SU(2)\times SU(2)$ NJL model was derived in the framework of the fundamental QCD. All the parameters of the model are expressed through QCD parameters: current light quark mass $m_0$ and average non-perturbative $α_s$. The results for scalar and pseudo-scalar mesons are in satisfactory agreement to existing data. In the present work the same model without introduction of any additional parameters is applied for a description of masses and strong decay widths of $ρ$- and $a_1$-mesons. The results for both scalar and vector sectors agree with data with only one adjusted parameter $m_0$, with account of average $α_s \simeq 0.415$, which is obtained in a previous work as well.
Within the semibosonized SU(3)-NJL model the mass splittings of baryons and the axial vector coupling constants of the nucleon are evaluated. The mass splittings of the hyperons are reproduced with great accuracy if second order corrections in $m_s$ are taken into account. New corrections to the axial vector currents coming from the subleading terms in the $1/N_c$ expansion are shown to be non-vanishing and substantially improving the phenomenological predictions for axial quantities. Finally the numerical values for the $g_{\rm A}$'s are $g_A^{(0)}=0.37$, $g_A^{(3)}=1.38$ and $g_A^{(8)}=0.31$…
We study the QCD phase structure in the three-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, incorporating the chiral-diquark interplay due to the axial anomaly. We demonstrate that for a certain range of model parameters, the low temperature critical point predicted by a Ginzburg-Landau analysis appears in the phase diagram. In addition, we show that the axial anomaly presents a new scenario for a possible BEC-BCS crossover in the color-flavor locked phase of QCD.
Temperature dependence of the quark condensate is studied in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model with meson loops. Substantial differences are found compared to the results with quark loops only.
In the present paper we implement a non-trivial and renormalizable extension of the NJL model. We discuss the advantages and shortcomings of this extended model compared to a usual effective Pauli-Villars regularized version. We show that both versions become equivalent in the case of a large cutoff. Various relevant mesonic observables are calculated and compared.
The $U(3) \times U(3)$ chiral symmetric NJL model describing pseudoscalar, vector, and axial vector mesons in both the ground state and first radially excited states is shortly presented in this review. In this model, it is possible to describe a large number of low-energy interactions of mesons, $τ$ lepton decays into mesons and processes of meson production in electron-positron annihilations in satisfactory agreement with the experiments. In describing a number of processes, it turned out to be necessary to take into account the interactions of mesons in the final state.
In this work we present a strong chiral meson Lagrangian up to and including $O(p^6)$ in the momentum expansion. It is derived from the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model using the heat-kernel method. Identities related to the properties of covariant derivatives of the chiral matrix $U$ as well as field transformations have been used to obtain a minimal set of linearly independent terms.
In this paper we explore the chiral phase transition in QCD within the three-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model with a negative coupling constant in the isoscalar axial-vector channel, which is associated with a polarized instanton--anti-instanton molecule background. The QCD phase diagram described in this scenario shows a new first order phase transition around the transition temperature $T_c$ toward a phase without chiral condensates, but with nontrivial dynamic chiral chemical potentials for the light quarks, spontaneously giving rise to local $\mathcal {CP}$ violation and local chirali…
In the extended $U(3)\times U(3)$ NJL model, semileptonic decays of $ρ$, $ω$, $ϕ$, $η$ and $η'$ mesons in both the ground and first radially excited states are described. Quark loops of the anomalous type are considered, which are based on the vertex $η\to VV$. The obtained results are in satisfactory agreement with the existing experimental data. In addition, a number of predictions for experimentally unmeasured decays of radially excited mesons are presented.
We revisit the theoretical predictions for anomalous radiative decays of pseudoscalar and vector mesons. Our analysis is performed in the framework of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, introducing adequate parameters to account for the breakdown of chiral symmetry. The results are comparable with those obtained in previous approaches.
Starting from a QCD inspired bilocal quark interaction we obtain a local effective meson lagrangian. In contrast to previous local (NJL-like) approaches, we include nonlocal corrections related to the finite meson size which we characterize by a small parameter. After bosonization using the heat-kernel method we predict the structure coefficients of the Gasser-Leutwyler $p^4$-lagrangian up to first order in this parameter. The modifications for the $L_i$ coefficients are typically of the order 10-20\%, except for $L_5$, where we find a stronger nonlocal influence.
The branching fractions of $τ$ lepton decays with the production of strange scalar mesons both in the ground and first radially excited states $τ\to ν_τ[K^*_0(700), K^*_0(1430)]$ and $τ\to ν_τ[K^*_0(700)π, K^*_0(1430)π, K^*_0(700) K, K^*_0 (700)η]$ are calculated in the extended $U(3) \times U(3)$ chiral quark NJL model. All mesons are considered as $q\bar{q}$ systems. The obtained results should be considered as predictions for future experiments.
Radiative decays $π^0({π^0}')\toγ+γ$, ${π^0}'\toρ^0(ω)+γ$, ${ρ^0}'(ω')\toπ^0+γ$, and ${ρ^0}'(ω')\to{π^0}'+γ$ are considered in the framework of the non-local SU(2)$\times$SU(2) NJL model. Radially excited mesons are described with the help of polynomial form factor $f({k^\bot}^2)$, where $k^\bot$ is the quark momentum transverse to the external meson momentum. In spite of mixing of the ground and excited meson states in this model, the decay widths of $π^0\toγ+γ$ and $ρ^0(ω)\toπ^0+γ$ are found to be in good agreement with experimental data as in the standard local NJL model. Our predictions fo…
Two photon decays of scalar mesons f_0(980), a_0(980), σ(600) in the quark Nambu - Jona - Lasinio (NJL) model are calculated. The contributions of the meson loops are taken into account along with the quark loops (Hartree - Fock approximation). This corresponds to the next order of the 1/N_c expansion, where N_c=3 is the number of quark colors. It is shown that the meson and quark loops give comparable contributions to the amplitude. Moreover, in the process f_0(980)-> γγthe kaon loop plays the dominant role. A similar situation takes place in the decay ϕ-> f_0(980) γ\cite{physrev}. Our result…
Dynamical Symmetry breaking and meson masses are studied in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model at finite temperature and chemical potential using the dimensional regularization. Since the model is not renormalizable in four space-time dimensions, physical results and parameters depend on the regularization method. Following the imaginary time formalism, we introduce the temperature, $T$ and the chemical potential, $μ$. The parameters in the model are fixed by calculating the pion mass and decay constant in the dimensional regularization at $T=μ=0$.
The mass spectrum of $π^+$ and $ρ^+$ mesons in the presence of a static uniform magnetic field $\vec B$ is studied within a two-flavor NJL-like model. We improve previous calculations taking into account the effect of Schwinger phases carried by quark propagators, and using an expansion of meson fields in terms of the solutions of the corresponding equations of motion for nonzero $B$. It is shown that the meson polarization functions are diagonal in this basis. Our numerical results for the $ρ^+$ meson spectrum are found to disfavor the existence of a meson condensate induced by the magnetic f…
The effect of the interaction of mesons in the final state is additionally considered within the description of $τ\to πη(η') ν_τ$ decays. This interaction is taken into account at the level of production of intermediate pions. One of them, in turn, might be transited into $η$ or $η'$ mesons. Our results do not exceed the experimentally established branching fractions, and they are in agreement with the results of other theoretical studies.
Mixing effects on the mass spectrum of light neutral pseudoscalar and vector mesons in the presence of an external uniform magnetic field $\vec B$ are studied in the framework of a two-flavor NJL-like model. The model includes isoscalar and isovector couplings both in the scalar-pseudoscalar and vector sectors, and also incorporates flavor mixing through a 't Hooft-like term. Numerical results for the $B$ dependence of meson masses are compared with present lattice QCD results. In particular, it is shown that the mixing between pseudoscalar and vector meson states leads to a significant reduct…
We consider the NJL model as an effective quark theory to describe the interaction which is responsible for the quark flavor dynamics at intermediate energies. In addition to the usual ultraviolet cut-off which is necessary since the model is non-renormalizable, we also introduce an infrared cut-off which drops off the unknown confinement part of the quark interaction, which is believed to be less important for the flavor dynamics. The infrared cut-off eliminates all q-qbar thresholds, which plague the application of the usual NJL model beyond low-energy pion physics. We apply this two-cut-off…
Parton distributions of pseudoscalar pi,K and eta mesons obtained within the NJL model using the Pauli-Villars regularization method are analyzed in terms of LO and NLO evolution, and the valence sea quark and gluon parton distributions for the pion are obtained at Q^2 = 4 GeV^2 and compared to existing parametrizations at that scale. Surprisingly, the NLO order effects turn out to be small compared to the LO ones. The valence distributions are in good agreement with experimental analyses, but the gluon and sea distributions come out to be softer in the high-x region and harder in the low-x re…
In this letter we reconsider the previously given description of heavy mesons within a bosonized extended NJL model that combines heavy quark and chiral symmetry. In that work the naive gradient expansion of the quark determinant was used, which satisfactorily works in the light sector but does not adequately describe the heavy $(0^+,1^+)$ mesons. By investigating the exact momentum dependence of the quark loop we demonstrate that the naive gradient expansion in the heavy sector is not the right method to treat the unphysical $q\bar{q}$--thresholds which would be absent in confining theories. …
A chiral U(3)xU(3) Lagrangian, containing besides the usual meson fields their first radial excitations, is considered. The Lagrangian is derived by bosonization of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio quark model with separable non-local interactions. The spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry is governed by the NJL gap equation. The first radial excitations of the kaon, K^* and ϕare described with the help of two form factors. The values for the decay widths of the processes K^*' --> ρK, K^*' --> K^* π, K^*'--> K π, ϕ' --> K^* K, ϕ' --> KK, K' --> K ρ, K' --> K^* πand K' --> K 2πare obtained in qualitat…
We study the pseudoscalar, vector and axial current correlation functions in SU(2)-NJL model with scalar and vector couplings. The correlation functions are evaluated in leading order in number of colors $N_c$. As it is expected in the pseudoscalar channel pions appear as Goldstone bosons, and after fixing the cutoff to reproduce the physical pion decay constant, we obtain well-known current-algebra results. For the vector and axial channels we use essentially that at spacelike momenta the correlation functions can be related to the experimentally known spectral density via dispersion relation…
The process $e^{+}e^{-} \to π^{+}π^{-}$ is described in the framework of the extended NJL model. Intermediate vector mesons $ρ^0(770)$, $ω(782)$ and ρ'(1450)$ are taken into account. Our results are in satisfactory agreement with experimental data. The prediction for the process $e^{+}e^{-} \to ππ'(1300)$ is given. Here the main contribution is given by the diagram with intermediate $ρ'(1450)$ meson.
Dihadron Fragmentation Functions (DFF) provide a vast amount of information on the intricate details of the parton hadronization process. Moreover, they provide a unique access to the "clean" extraction of nucleon transversity parton distribution functions in semi inclusive deep inelastic two hadron production process with a transversely polarised target. The NJL-jet model has been extended for calculations of light and strange quark unpolarised DFFs to pions, kaons and several vector mesons. This is accomplished by using the probabilistic interpretation of the DFFs, and employing the NJL-jet …
We consider an extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model for the light meson sector of QCD where unphysical quark production thresholds are excluded by an infrared cut-off on the momentum integration within quark loop diagrams. This chiral quark model conserves the low energy theorems. The infrared cut-off is fixed selfconsistently by the dynamically generated quark mass (quark condensate). The masses and decay widths of the σ- and ρ-mesons are described in the model.
The branching fractions of the decays $τ^- \to K^- π^+ π^- ν_τ$, $τ^- \to K^- π^0 π^0 ν_τ$ and $τ^- \to \bar{K}^0 π^- π^0ν_τ$ are calculated in the $U(3)\times U(3)$ Nambu--Jona-Lasinio type chiral model. Four intermediate channels are considered: the contact channel and the channels with the intermediate axial vector, vector and pseudoscalar mesons. The additional resonance states $K^* π$ and $K ρ$ are taken into account in all channels. It is shown that the main contributions to the widths of these decays are given by the axial vector channel. In the axial vector channel, the intermediate re…
We study the QCD phase structure in the three-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, incorporating the interplay between the chiral and diquark condensates induced by the axial anomaly. We demonstrate that for an appropriate range of parameters of the model, the interplay leads to the low temperature critical point in the phase structure predicted by a previous Ginzburg-Landau analysis. We also show that a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of diquark molecules emerges in the intermediate density region, and as a result, a BEC-BCS crossover is realized with increasing quark chemical potential.
In a previous work, we proposed an extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model including heavy quark flavors. In this work, we will calculate strong and radiative decays of vector mesons in this extended NJL model, including light $ρ$, $ω$, $K^*$, $ϕ$ and heavy $D^*$, $D^*_s$, $B^*$, $B^*_s$.
The processes of electron-positron annihilation into $π^0γ$ and into $π'(1300)γ$ are considered within the NJL model. Intermediate vector mesons $ρ^0$, $ω$, $ρ'(1450)$, and $ω'(1420)$ are taken into account. The latter two mesons are treated as the first radial excited states. They are incorporated into the NJL model by means of a polynomial form factor. Numerical predictions for the cross sections of these processes are received for the center-of-mass energies below 2 GeV. Our results for the $π^0γ$ production are in agreement with experimental data received in the energy region 600 -- 1020 M…
The width of the decay $τ^{-} \to π^{-} π^{0} ν_τ$ was calculated in the extended NJL model. Contact interaction of $W$ boson with pion pair as well as the contribution of the $ρ$ mesons in ground and first radial-exited states are taken into account. The sum of the contact diagram and diagram with intermediate $ρ$ meson in the ground state leads to the result which coincides with the result of the vector-dominance model. Our results are in satisfactory agreement with experimental data.
The Global Colour Model (GCM) of QCD is a very successful model. Not only is it formally derivable from QCD but under various conditions it reduces to the NJL model and also to Chiral Perturbation Theory, and to other models. Results presented include the effective gluon propagator, the difference between constituent and exact quark propagators, various meson and nucleon observables, a new mass formula for the Nambu-Goldstone mesons of QCD, and the change in the MIT bag constant in nuclei.
In the extended Nambu -- Jona-Lasinio model, the decay width of $τ\to K^{*0}(892) K^- ν_τ$ is calculated. The contributions from the contact diagram and diagrams with intermediate axial-vector, vector and pseudoscalar mesons in the ground and first radially excited states are taken into account. It is shown that axial-vector and vector channel with a contact diagram give a dominant contribution to the decay width. The obtained results for the decay width $τ\to K^{*0}(892) K^- ν_τ$ are in satisfactory agreement with experimental data. A prediction for differential distribution over the invarian…
A simple explanation of the dynamic properties of vector mesons is given in the framework of extended Nambu - Jona-Lasinio quark model. New mass relations among the hadron vector resonances are derived. The results of this approach are in good accordance with the QCD sum rules, the lattice calculations and the experimental data.
In the extended NJL model the radiative decay widths of the radially excited states of the pseudoscalar $π$, $η$, and $η'$ mesons are calculated. The predictions for the decay widths of the processes $π(1300)\longrightarrow(ρ^0,ω)γ$, $η(1295)\longrightarrow(ρ^0,ω,ϕ)γ$, and $η(1475)\longrightarrow(ρ^0,ω,ϕ)γ$ are given. Nowadays, there are no solid experimental data for these processes. The comparison of the results obtained in the framework of the standard and the extended NJL models for decays of the ground states of mesons is given. It is shown that these calculations correspond to each other…
The decay width $τ\to K^{*-}(892) ην_τ$ was calculated in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. Four channels were taken into account: the contact channel (the final states are directly producted from lepton current without any intermediate meson states), the axial-vector channel with two intermediate physical states $K_{1}(1270)$ and $K_{1}(1400)$, the vector channel with intermediate $K^{*}(892)$ meson and the pseudoscalar channel with intermediate $K$ meson. It is shown that the first two channels give the dominant contribution to the decay width. Of the remaining two channels, the pseudoscalar ch…
The decay width $τ\toπων$ in the framework of the extended NJL model is calculated. The contributions of the intermediate vector mesons $ρ(770)$ and $ρ'(1450)$ are taken into account. The computed partial width and the spectral function of the decay $τ\toπων$ are in satisfactory agreement with experimental data.
A short review of the development of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model is given. The SU(2)x SU(2) and U(3)x U(3) local quark NJL models are considered. The mechanisms of spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry and vector dominance are shown. The local NJL model allows us to describe the mass spectrum and main strong and electroweak decays of the four ground-state nonets of pseudoscalar, scalar, vector and axial-vector mesons. Applications of this model to the description of mesons in hot and dense medium are discussed. It is shown that for solving problems connected with the description of th…
The momentum-space bosonization method of a Nambu and Jona-Lasinio type model with vector and axial-vector mesons is applied to $ππ$ scattering. Unlike the case in earlier published papers, we obtain the $ππ$ scattering amplitude using the linear and nonlinear realizations of chiral symmetry and fully taking into account the momentum dependence of meson vertices. We show the full physical equivalence between these two approaches. The chiral expansion procedure in this model is discussed in detail. Chiral expansions of the quark mass, pion mass and constant $f_π$ are obtained. The low-energy $π…
The $t$-channel contribution to the difference of electromagnetic polarizabilities of the nucleon, $(α-β)^t$, can be quantitatively understood in terms of a $σ$-meson pole in the complex $t$-plane of the invariant scattering amplitude $A_1(s,t)$ with properties of the $σ$ meson as given by the quark-level Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model (NJL). Equivalently, this quantity may be understood in terms of a cut in the complex $t$-plane where the properties of the $σ$ meson are taken from the $ππ-> σ-> ππ$, $γγ-> σ-> ππ$ and $N\bar{N} -> σ-> ππ$ reactions. This equivalence may be understood as a sum rule …
Analytic calculation are presented of the contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of a muon from the channels of annihilation of an electron-positron pair to a pair of charged pi-mesons with radiative correction connected with the final state, as well as corrections to the lowest order kernel. The result with point-like pi-meson assumptions is $a_{point}=a_{point}^{(1)}+Δa_{point}$, $a_{point}^{(1)}=7.0866 \cdot 10^{-9}; Δa_{point}= -2.4 \cdot 10^{-10} .$ Taking into account the pion form factor in the frames of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) approach leads to $a_{NJL}=a_{NJL}^{(1)}+Δa_{NJ…
In the extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, the decay widths of the processes $τ\to [ω(782), ϕ(1020)] K^{-} ν_τ$ were calculated. The intermediate channels with axial vector ($K_{1}(1270)$, $K_{1}(1400)$ and $K_{1}(1650)$), vector ($K^{*}(892)$ and $K^{*}(1410)$) and pseudoscalar ($K$ and $K(1460)$) mesons were considered. The results for these processes are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.
The behavior of kaons and pions in hot non strange quark matter, simulating neutron matter, is investigated within the SU(3) Nambu-Jona-Lasinio [NJL] and in the Enlarged Nambu-Jona-Lasinio [ENJL] (including vector pseudo-vector interaction) models. At zero temperature, it is found that in the NJL model, where the phase transition is first order, low energy modes with K-, Pi+ quantum numbers, which are particle-hole excitations of the Fermi sea, appear. Such modes are not found in the ENJL model and in NJL at finite temperatures. The increasing temperature has also the effect of reducing the sp…
We compare two QCD-inspired quark models with four-fermion interaction, without and with the remnant coupling to low-energy gluons, in the regime of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB). The first one, the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model ensures the factorization of scalar and pseudoscalar meson poles in correlators, the well-known Nambu relation between the scalar meson mass and the dynamical quark mass, $m_σ = 2 m_{dyn}$, and the residual chiral symmetry in coupling constants characteristic for the linear $σ$-model. The second one, the Gauged NJL model, happens to be qualitatively differ…
Based on the self-consistent scheme beyond mean-field approximation in the large $N_c$ expansion, including current quark mass explicitly, a general scheme of SU(2) NJL model is developed. To ensure the quark self-energy expanded in the proper order of $N_c$, an approximate internal meson propagator is deduced, which is in order of $O(1/N_c)$. In our scheme, adopting the method of external momentum expansion, all the Feynman diagrams are calculated in a unified way by only expanding the quark propagator. Our numerical results show, that different from the mean field approximation in which the …
The charge pion polarizability is calculated in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, where the quark loops (in the mean field approximation) and the meson loops (in the $1/N_c$ approximation) are taken into account. We show that quark loop contribution dominates, because the meson loops strongly conceal each other. The sigma-pole contribution $(m^2_σ-t)^{-1}$ plays the main role and contains strong t-dependence of the effective pion polarizability at the region $|t|\geq 4M_π^2$. Possibilities of experimental test of this sigma-pole effect in the reaction of Coulomb Nuclear Scattering are estimated fo…
The description of baryons as chiral solitons of the Nambu--Jona--Lasinio (NJL) model is reviewed. A motivation for the soliton description of baryons is provided from large $N_C$ QCD. Rigorous results on the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry in QCD are discussed. It is then argued that the NJL model provides a fair description of low--energy hadron physics. The NJL model is therefore employed to mimic the low--energy chiral flavor dynamics of QCD. The model is bosonized by functional integral techniques and the physical content of the emerging effective meson theory is discussed. In par…
We investigate pion and sigma meson correlations in hot quark matter within a modified NJL model. Special emphasis is on the transformation of mesonic bound states to resonances (Mott dissociation) when due to the partial chiral symmetry restoration with increasing temperature the threshold of quark-antiquark continuum states drops below the meson mass at the corresponding Mott temperature. The description is based on evaluating the polarization functions for quark-antiquark (meson) correlations as a function of the temperature and the results can be represented by introducing modulus and phas…
The spectrum and the mixing angle of the light scalar nonet mesons are studied using the extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model as well as the improved ladder approximation (ILA) of QCD with U_A(1) symmetry breaking interaction. The U_A(1) breaking is represented by the Kobayashi-Maskawa-'t Hooft (KMT) interaction. The strength of the KMT interaction in the NJL model is determined so as to reproduce the electromagnetic decays of the ηmeson. That in the ILA approach is determined so as to reproduce the pseudoscalar meson spectrum. In the extended NJL model, we study the qualitative features of…
Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model with Kobayashi-Maskawa-'t Hooft (KMT) term is one of low energy effective theory of QCD which includes the $U_A(1)$ anomaly. We investigate nonet meson properties in this model with three flavors of quarks. We employ two type of regularizations the dimensional and sharp cutoff ones. The model parameters are fixed phenomenologically for each regularization. Evaluating the kaon decay constant, the $η$ meson mass and the topological susceptibility, we show the regularization dependence of the results and discuss the applicability of the NJL model.
Properties of mesons are investigated within the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. We include meson-loop corrections, which are generated via a systematic 1/N_c-expansion in next-to-leading order. We show that our scheme is consistent with chiral symmetry, in particular with the Goldstone theorem and the Gell-Mann Oakes Renner relation. The numerical part focuses on the pion and the rho-meson sector. For the latter the 1/N_c-corrections are crucial in order to include the dominant rho -> pi pi-decay channel, while the leading-order approximation only contains unphysical q\bar q-decay channels. We sho…
