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arXiv 0809.4225astro-ph
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核心坍缩超新星中QCD相变的信号

Signals of the QCD phase transition in core-collapse supernovae

I. Sagert, M. Hempel, G. Pagliara, J. Schaffner-Bielich, T. Fischer, A. Mezzacappa, F. -K. Thielemann, M. Liebendörfer

摘要:

我们探讨了在核心坍缩超新星的后反弹演化过程中QCD相变的含义。用MIT袋模型描述夸克物质,并假设小的袋常数,我们发现相变发生在早期的后反弹吸积阶段。这个演化阶段可以用广义相对论性的三味玻尔兹曼中微子输运来模拟。这种相变产生了第二个冲击波,触发了延迟的超新星爆炸。如果这样的相变发生在未来的银河系超新星中,它的存在和性质应该可以作为中微子信号的第二个峰值被观察到,伴随着发射的中微子能量的显着变化。与第一次中子化爆发相反,第二次中微子爆发主要是反中微子的发射,因为当第二次冲击穿过先前被中子化的物质时,电子简并被提升。

英文摘要:

We explore the implications of the QCD phase transition during the postbounce evolution of core-collapse supernovae. Using the MIT bag model for the description of quark matter and assuming small bag constants, we find that the phase transition occurs during the early postbounce accretion phase. This stage of the evolution can be simulated with general relativistic three-flavor Boltzmann neutrino transport. The phase transition produces a second shock wave that triggers a delayed supernova explosion. If such a phase transition happens in a future galactic supernova, its existence and properties should become observable as a second peak in the neutrino signal that is accompanied by significant changes in the energy of the emitted neutrinos. In contrast to the first neutronization burst, this second neutrino burst is dominated by the emission of anti-neutrinos because the electron-degeneracy is lifted when the second shock passes through the previously neutronized matter.

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