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arXiv 0808.3433q-bio.PEphysics.bio-phphysics.data-an
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有多少种物质的质量是M?

How many species have mass M?

Aaron Clauset, David J. Schwab, Sidney Redner

摘要:

在大型分类组合中,成年体质量为M的物种数量分布广泛但不对称,最大质量比典型质量大几个数量级。这种典型的形状可以解释为分支扩散,这是有界的生活物种质量的硬限制以下和以上的灭绝风险,随着质量的增加弱。在这里,我们介绍和解析求解一个简化的枝生成扩散模型。当适当的参数化,扩散反应方程预测的质量分布,在很好的协议与数据的4002陆生哺乳动物从第四纪晚期和8617现存的鸟类。在这个模型下,我们表明,一个特定的权衡的力量内谱系漂移向更大的群众(科普规则)和灭绝的风险增加的质量增加是必要的,以产生现实的质量分布为两个类群。然后,我们对鸟类物种质量的演变做出了几个预测。

英文摘要:

Within large taxonomic assemblages, the number of species with adult body mass M is characterized by a broad but asymmetric distribution, with the largest mass being orders of magnitude larger than the typical mass. This canonical shape can be explained by cladogenetic diffusion that is bounded below by a hard limit on viable species mass and above by extinction risks that increase weakly with mass. Here we introduce and analytically solve a simplified cladogenetic diffusion model. When appropriately parameterized, the diffusion-reaction equation predicts mass distributions that are in good agreement with data on 4002 terrestrial mammal from the late Quaternary and 8617 extant bird species. Under this model, we show that a specific tradeoff between the strength of within-lineage drift toward larger masses (Cope's rule) and the increased risk of extinction from increased mass is necessary to produce realistic mass distributions for both taxa. We then make several predictions about the evolution of avian species masses.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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