学术界维护工具的开发过程
Towards a Process for Developing Maintenance Tools in Academia
摘要：
工具的构建--从简单的原型到工业强度的应用--是学术研究中的一项普遍活动。当提出一种新的软件维护技术时，通常需要有效的工具支持来证明该方法的可行性和有效性。然而，即使工具构建是普遍的，需要大量的时间和精力，它仍然是在一个特设的方式进行。在本文中，我们解决这些问题，提出了一个专门的开发过程，考虑到学术研究环境的独特性的工具建设。我们首先确定工艺要求的基础上审查的文献和我们广泛的工具建设经验领域的维护工具。然后，我们概述了一个过程框架的基础上，工作产品，适应的要求，同时提供所需的灵活性，定制的过程，以考虑特定的工具建设方法和项目的限制。工作产品是过程的具体里程碑，跟踪进度，合理化（设计）决策，并记录工具构建项目的当前状态。因此，工作产品为战略项目决策和新团队成员的快速启动提供了重要的输入。利用专用的工具构建过程，可以保证以更规范、可预测和有效的方式设计、构建和维护工具。
英文摘要：
Building of tools--from simple prototypes to industrial-strength applications--is a pervasive activity in academic research. When proposing a new technique for software maintenance, effective tool support is typically required to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach. However, even though tool building is both pervasive and requiring significant time and effort, it is still pursued in an ad hoc manner. In this paper, we address these issues by proposing a dedicated development process for tool building that takes the unique characteristics of an academic research environment into account. We first identify process requirements based on a review of the literature and our extensive tool building experience in the domain of maintenance tools. We then outline a process framework based on work products that accommodates the requirements while providing needed flexibility for tailoring the process to account for specific tool building approaches and project constraints. The work products are concrete milestones of the process, tracking progress, rationalizing (design) decisions, and documenting the current state of the tool building project. Thus, the work products provide important input for strategic project decisions and rapid initiation of new team members. Leveraging a dedicated tool building process promises tools that are designed, build, and maintained in a more disciplined, predictable and efficient manner.
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