We propose behavior-oriented services as a new paradigm of communication in mobile human networks. Our study is motivated by the tight user-network coupling in future mobile societies. In such a paradigm, messages are sent to inferred behavioral profiles, instead of explicit IDs. Our paper provides a systematic framework in providing such services. First, user behavioral profiles are constructed based on traces collected from two large wireless networks, and their spatio-temporal stability is analyzed. The implicit relationship discovered between mobile users could be utilized to provide a service for message delivery and discovery in various network environments. As an example application, we provide a detailed design of such a service in challenged opportunistic network architecture, named CSI. We provide a fully distributed solution using behavioral profile space gradients and small world structures.
Our analysis shows that user behavioral profiles are surprisingly stable, i.e., the similarity of the behavioral profile of a user to its future behavioral profile is above 0.8 for two days and 0.75 for one week, and remains above 0.6 for five weeks. The correlation coefficient of the similarity metrics between a user pair at different time instants is above 0.7 for four days, 0.62 for a week, and remains above 0.5 for two weeks. Leveraging such a stability in user behaviors, the CSI service achieves delivery rate very close to the delay-optimal strategy (above 94%), with minimal overhead (less than 84% of the optimal). We believe that this new paradigm will act as an enabler of multiple new services in mobile societies, and is potentially applicable in server-based, heterogeneous or infrastructure-less wireless environments.
To date, group-oriented communications have been mainly exploited for delivering multimedia services in human-oriented communications while, in future fifth generation (5G) cellular networks, objects will be the main target. Internet of Things (IoT) will undoubtedly play a key role in 5G networks, wherein massive machine-type communications (mMTC) feature a use case as crucial as challenging since cellular IoT connections are predicted to grow heavily in the next future. To boost capacity and energy efficiency, the 5G network can leverage device-to-device (D2D) communications which are recogni…
Main responsibility of a transport protocol is to support communication between two end-to-end entities. These entities can be hosts or devices, such as routers, firewalls etc. Transport protocol provides mechanism to have a virtually circuited route between these two end-to-end devices. Transport protocol are of two types: Connection oriented and connection-less. As these name suggest, connection oriented requires additional work of setting up connections and provide reliability in terms of packet reordering, congestion control, reliable delivery of packets. On the other hand connectionless t…
Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are self-configuring wireless networks that lack permanent infrastructure and are formed among mobile nodes on demand. Rapid node mobility results in dramatic channel variation, or fading, that degrades MANET performance. Employing channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter can improve the throughput of routing and medium access control (MAC) protocols for mobile ad hoc networks. Several routing algorithms in the literature explicitly incorporate the fading signal strength into the routing metric, thus selecting the routes with strong channel conditions.…
We propose the object-oriented networking (OON) framework, for meeting the generalized interconnection, mobility and technology integration requirements underlining the Internet. In OON, the various objects that need to be accessed through the Internet (content, smart things, services, people, etc.) are viewed as network layer resources, rather than as application layer resources as in the IP communications model. By abstracting them as computing objects -with attributes and methods- they are identified by expressive, discoverable names, while data are exchanged between them in the context of …
Voice over IP (VOIP) has strict Quality of Service (QoS) constraints and requires real-time packet delivery, which poses a major challenge to IP networks. The Cognitive Packet Network (CPN) has been designed as a QoS-driven protocol that addresses user-oriented QoS demands by adaptively routing packets based on online sensing and measurement. This paper presents our design, implementation and evaluation of a "Voice over CPN" system where an extension of the CPN routing algorithm has been developed to support the needs of voice packet delivery in the presence of other background traffic flows w…
Pushing popular content to cheap "helper" nodes (e.g., small cells) during off-peak hours has recently been proposed to cope with the increase in mobile data traffic. User requests can be served locally from these helper nodes, if the requested content is available in at least one of the nearby helpers. Nevertheless, the collective storage of a few nearby helper nodes does not usually suffice to achieve a high enough hit rate in practice. We propose to depart from the assumption of hard cache hits, common in existing works, and consider "soft" cache hits, where if the original content is not a…
As the Internet struggles to cope with scalability, mobility, and security issues, new network architectures are being proposed to better accommodate the needs of modern systems and applications. In particular, Content-Oriented Networking (CON) has emerged as a promising next-generation Internet architecture: it sets to decouple content from hosts, at the network layer, by naming data rather than hosts. CON comes with a potential for a wide range of benefits, including reduced congestion and improved delivery speed by means of content caching, simpler configuration of network devices, and secu…
The Internet of Things (IoT) has been applied to a large number of heterogeneous devices and is used in the deployment of a variety of applications on the basis of its distributed open architecture. The majority of these IoT devices are battery-powered and are interconnected via a wireless network. IoT devices may be used to carry out critical tasks. Thus, the IoT network requires a resilient architecture that supports semantic search, failure discovery, data recovery, and dynamic and autonomous network maintenance. In this paper, we present a new resilience scheme for IoT networks. We evaluat…
Mobile edge caching is a promising technology for the next-generation mobile networks to effectively offer service environment and cloud-storage capabilities at the edge of networks. By exploiting the storage and computing resources at the network edge, mobile edge caching can significantly reduce service latency, decrease network load, and improve user experience. On the other hand, edge caching is subject to a number of threats regarding privacy violation and security breach. In this article, we first introduce the architecture of mobile edge caching, and address the key problems regarding w…
In near future, anticipated large number of mobile users may introduce very large centralized databases and increase end-to-end delays in location registration and call delivery on HLR-VLR database and will become infeasible. After observing several problems we propose some guidelines. Multitree distributed database, high throughput index structure, memory oriented database organization are used. Location management guidelines for moving user in overlapping network, neighbor discovery protocol (NDP), and global roaming rule are adopted. Analytic model and examples are presented to evaluate the…
Integrating time-frequency resource conversion (TFRC), a new network resource allocation strategy, with call admission control can not only increase the cell capacity but also reduce network congestion effectively. However, the optimal setting of TFRC-oriented call admission control suffers from the curse of dimensionality, due to Markov chain-based optimization in a high-dimensional space. To address the scalability issue of TFRC, in [1] we extend the study of TFRC into the area of scheduling. Specifically, we study downlink scheduling based on TFRC for an LTE-type cellular network, to maximi…
In this paper we introduce the Generalized Virtual Networking (GVN) concept. GVN provides a framework to influence the routing of packets based on service level information that is carried in the packets. It is based on a protocol header inserted between the Network and Transport layers, therefore it can be seen as a layer 3.5 solution. Technically, GVN is proposed as a new transport layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. An IP router that is not GVN capable will simply process the IP destination address as usual. Similar concepts have been proposed in other works, and referred to as Ser…
Some important problems, such as semantic graph analysis, require large-scale irregular applications composed of many coordinating tasks that operate on a shared data set so big it has to be stored on many physical devices. In these cases, it may be more efficient to dynamically choose where code runs as the applications progresses. Many programming environments provide task migration or remote function calls, but they have sharp trade-offs between flexible composition, portability, performance, and code complexity. We developed Two-Chains, a high performance framework inspired by active messa…
Efficient routing mechanism is a challenging issue for group oriented computing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). The ability of MANETs to support adequate Quality of Service (QoS) for group communication is limited by the ability of the underlying ad-hoc routing protocols to provide consistent behavior despite the dynamic properties of mobile computing devices. In MANET QoS requirements can be quantified in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Data Latency, Packet Loss Probability, Routing Overhead, Medium Access Control (MAC) Overhead and Data Throughput etc. This paper presents an in dep…
