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arXiv 0806.4970astro-ph
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星际云的湍流加热温度

The Temperature of Interstellar Clouds from Turbulent Heating

Liubin Pan, Paolo Padoan

摘要:

为了评估湍流加热在星际云热平衡中的作用,我们将对数泊松湍流模型扩展到超音速湍流。该模型依赖于一个参数,d,解释为最耗散结构的尺寸。通过比较模型与超音速和超阿尔芬湍流模拟中湍流耗散率的概率分布,我们发现最佳拟合值d=1.64。我们应用这个不透明度模型的分子云,高质量恒星形成的核心,冷弥漫HI云的气体温度的质量加权概率分布的计算。我们的主要结果是:i)分子云中的平均气体温度可以解释为湍流加热的单独效应,而宇宙射线加热可能只在湍流加热低的区域占主导地位; ii)高质量恒星形成核心的平均气体温度,典型的半高宽为~6 km/s(对应于2.5 km/s的1D rms速度)可能完全由湍流加热控制,其预测平均值约为36 K,比没有湍流加热时的平均气体温度大2 - 3倍; iii)湍流加热的不稳定性可以在冷扩散HI云中产生足够的热区来解释观测到的CH+丰度,如果在1 pc尺度上的均方根速度至少为3 km/s,与以前基于不可压缩湍流的结果一致。由于它在分子云和高质量恒星形成核心的热平衡中的重要性,湍流加热过程可能是确定特征恒星质量和调节分子化学反应的核心。

英文摘要:

To evaluate the effect of turbulent heating in the thermal balance of interstellar clouds, we develop an extension of the log-Poisson intermittency model to supersonic turbulence. The model depends on a parameter, d, interpreted as the dimension of the most dissipative structures. By comparing the model with the probability distribution of the turbulent dissipation rate in a simulation of supersonic and super-Alfvenic turbulence, we find a best-fit value of d=1.64. We apply this intermittency model to the computation of the mass-weighted probability distribution of the gas temperature of molecular clouds, high-mass star-forming cores, and cold diffuse HI clouds. Our main results are: i) The mean gas temperature in molecular clouds can be explained as the effect of turbulent heating alone, while cosmic ray heating may dominate only in regions where the turbulent heating is low; ii) The mean gas temperature in high-mass star-forming cores with typical FWHM of ~6 km/s (corresponding to a 1D rms velocity of 2.5 km/s) may be completely controlled by turbulent heating, which predicts a mean value of approximately 36 K, two to three times larger than the mean gas temperature in the absence of turbulent heating; iii) The intermittency of the turbulent heating can generate enough hot regions in cold diffuse HI clouds to explain the observed CH+ abundance, if the rms velocity on a scale of 1 pc is at least 3 km/s, in agreement with previous results based on incompressible turbulence. Because of its importance in the thermal balance of molecular clouds and high-mass star-forming cores, the process of turbulent heating may be central in setting the characteristic stellar mass and in regulating molecular chemical reactions.

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