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径向轨道不稳定性在暗物质晕形成和结构中的作用

The Role of the Radial Orbit Instability in Dark Matter Halo Formation and Structure

Jillian M. Bellovary, Julianne J. Dalcanton, Arif Babul, Thomas R. Quinn, Ryan W. Maas, Crystal G. Austin, Liliya L. R. Williams, Eric I. Barnes

摘要:

十年来,N体模拟揭示了一个几乎普遍的暗物质密度分布,它似乎对宇宙整体密度和基本功率谱的变化具有鲁棒性。尽管其普遍性,这一轮廓的物理起源尚未得到很好的理解。Barnes等人(2005)的半解析模型表明,暗物质晕的密度结构由径向轨道不稳定性(ROI)的开始决定。我们已经测试了这一假设,使用N体模拟塌陷的暗物质晕与各种初始条件。对于动力冷的初始条件,所产生的晕结构是三轴的形状,由于温和的方面的不稳定性。我们研究如何在初始速度分散的变化影响发病的不稳定性,并发现,各向同性的速度分散可以完全抑制ROI,而一个纯粹的径向分散没有。σ ^2/vc^2是不稳定性的一个判据,当σ ^2/vc^2 <~1时,由于感兴趣区或其他扰动,区域会变成三轴的。我们还发现,径向轨道不稳定性设置的尺度长度,在该尺度长度处,速度色散迅速从各向同性变化到径向各向异性。该尺度长度与密度分布改变形状的半径成比例,如半解析模型中的情况;然而,比例系数相差约2.5倍。我们的结论是,径向轨道不稳定性可能是一个关键的物理机制,负责模拟暗物质晕几乎普遍的配置文件。

英文摘要:

For a decade, N-body simulations have revealed a nearly universal dark matter density profile, which appears to be robust to changes in the overall density of the universe and the underlying power spectrum. Despite its universality, the physical origin of this profile has not yet been well understood. Semi--analytic models by Barnes et al. (2005) have suggested that the density structure of dark matter halos is determined by the onset of the radial orbit instability (ROI). We have tested this hypothesis using N-body simulations of collapsing dark matter halos with a variety of initial conditions. For dynamically cold initial conditions, the resulting halo structures are triaxial in shape, due to the mild aspect of the instability. We examine how variations in initial velocity dispersion affect the onset of the instability, and find that an isotropic velocity dispersion can suppress the ROI entirely, while a purely radial dispersion does not. The quantity sigma^2/vc^2 is a criterion for instability, where regions with sigma^2/vc^2 <~1 become triaxial due to the ROI or other perturbations. We also find that the radial orbit instability sets a scale length at which the velocity dispersion changes rapidly from isotropic to radially anisotropic. This scale length is proportional to the radius at which the density profile changes shape, as is the case in the semi--analytic models; however, the coefficient of proportionality is different by a factor of ~2.5. We conclude that the radial orbit instability is likely to be a key physical mechanism responsible for the nearly universal profiles of simulated dark matter halos.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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