统计物理学原理：能量对偶性
Principles of statistical physics: the energy duality
摘要：
我们认为，具有弛豫的系统的统计力学意味着将系统的能量函数分解为两个具有不同变换规则的函数。有了这种对偶性，能量方法就包含了广义涡力。我们展示了一般定理及其影响，并将该方法应用于旋转对称场中的粒子禁闭。揭示了广泛使用准能理论和广义热力学势理论的误解。
英文摘要：
We argue that statistical mechanics of systems with relaxation implies breaking the energy function of systems into two having different transformation rules. With this duality the energy approach incorporates the generalized vortex forces. We show general theorems and their implications and apply the approach to the particle confinement in fields of rotational symmetry. Misconceptions of extensive use of the quasienergy and generalized thermodynamic potential theories are exposed.
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