arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 0806.0392astro-ph
收藏

宇宙微波背景光学深度对第一光电离源的约束

Constraints on First-Light Ionizing Sources from Optical Depth of the Cosmic Microwave Background

J. Michael Shull, Aparna Venkatesan

摘要:

我们研究了高红移恒星形成、紫外和X射线预电离以及在红移z_r处再电离的时间限制,这些限制是由最近WMAP-5对宇宙微波背景(CMB)电子散射光学厚度的测量(τ_e = 0.084 +/- 0.016)推断的。在z < z_GP = 6-7时,完全电离的星系际介质(IGM)的光学厚度τ_e = 0.04-0.05可以解释这种散射的一半,这与中性氢的Gunn-Peterson吸收相一致。在z > z_GP处,所需的附加光学深度Δ-τ_e = 0.03 +/-0.02限制了第一光源的电离贡献。WMAP-5还测量到小尺度功率的显著增加,这降低了恒星形成和电离所需的效率。早期的大质量恒星(紫外辐射)和黑洞(X射线)可以产生部分电离的IGM,增加不完全复合留下的残余电子。计算电离历史x_e(z)的不准确性和宇宙学参数(Omega_m,Omega_b,sigma_8,n_s)的简并性增加了$τ_e$测量和建模的系统不确定性。利用重子坍缩、微晕星形成和黑洞X射线预电离的标准历史,从z > z_GP处的源的附加光学深度出发,我们限制了恒星形成效率、Pop III和Pop II星的电离光子产生速率以及光子逃逸分数。

英文摘要:

We examine the constraints on high-redshift star formation, ultraviolet and X-ray pre-ionization, and the epoch of reionization at redshift z_r, inferred from the recent WMAP-5 measurement, tau_e = 0.084 +/- 0.016, of the electron scattering optical depth of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Half of this scattering can be accounted for by the optical depth, tau_e = 0.04-0.05, of a fully ionized intergalactic medium (IGM) at z < z_GP = 6-7, consistent with Gunn-Peterson absorption in neutral hydrogen. The required additional optical depth, Delta-tau_e = 0.03 +/- 0.02 at z > z_GP, constrains the ionizing contributions of first light sources. WMAP-5 also measured a significant increase in small-scale power, which lowers the required efficiency of star formation and ionization from mini-halos. Early massive stars (UV radiation) and black holes (X-rays) can produce a partially ionized IGM, adding to the residual electrons left from incomplete recombination. Inaccuracies in computing the ionization history, x_e(z), and degeneracies in cosmological parameters (Omega_m, Omega_b, sigma_8, n_s) add systematic uncertainty to the measurement and modeling of $τ_e$. From the additional optical depth from sources at z > z_GP, we limit the star-formation efficiency, the rate of ionizing photon production for Pop III and Pop II stars, and the photon escape fraction, using standard histories of baryon collapse, minihalo star formation, and black-hole X-ray preionization.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑