高激发核统计库仑碎裂与受限微正则系统相变的共同特征
Common Signatures of Statistical Coulomb Fragmentation of Highly Excited Nuclei and Phase Transitions in Confined Microcanonical Systems
摘要：
分析了高激发核系统统计库仑碎裂的特征信号。有人发现，在一些重要的方面，他们符合感知签名的相变在封闭的假设的伪微正则系统，从而可能会引起一个错误的解释实验观察的相变。它表明，根据实验观察得出的热容量可能会显示域的假负热容量的相同的根本原因，一个假的负热容量出现在受约束的数值模拟的相变在激发核物质，原因是有效的截断的微正则相空间。同样，选定的实验数据可能会表现出双峰显然根据截断的伪微正则（但不是真正的微正则）计算封闭系统。
英文摘要：
Characteristic signatures of statistical Coulomb fragmentation of highly excited nuclear systems were analyzed. It was found that in some important aspects, they coincide with perceived signatures of phase transitions in confined hypothetical pseudo-microcanonical systems, thus potentially giving rise to a false interpretation of experimental observations in terms of phase transitions. It is demonstrated that the heat capacity as derived based on experimental observations may show domains of faux negative heat capacity for the same fundamental reason a faux negative heat capacity appears in constrained numerical modeling of phase transitions in excited nuclear matter, the reason being an effective truncation of the microcanonical phase space. Similarly, selected experimental data may exhibit bimodality apparently in accordance with the truncated pseudo-microcanonical (but not the true microcanonical) calculations for confined systems.
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