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arXiv 0804.4429astro-ph
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旋转轴对称太阳黑子的数值模拟

Numerical simulations of rotating axisymmetric sunspots

G. J. J. Botha, F. H. Busse, N. E. Hurlburt, A. M. Rucklidge

摘要:

本文提出了一个有垂直磁通量束和绕轴旋转的轴对称对流的数值模型。该模型包含一个可压缩等离子体描述的非线性MHD方程,密度和温度梯度模拟太阳的对流区的上层。该解决方案表现出一个中心的磁通量管在一个圆柱形的数值域,与对流细胞形成环流管周围。当数值域以恒定的角速度旋转时,等离子体形成朗肯涡旋,其中等离子体作为刚体旋转,其中磁场是强的,如在通量管中,同时在周围的对流单元中经历剪切方位流,形成自由涡旋。结果,方位角速度分量在靠近通量管的外边缘处具有其最大值。磁通量管内的方位流和涡流相对于旋转圆柱参考系是平行的。外壁出现逆行流动。通量管外最显著的对流单体是方位磁场分量的最大值的位置。方位流和磁结构不是自发产生的,而是在没有任何强加的旋转的圆柱形域的情况下指数衰减。

英文摘要:

A numerical model of axisymmetric convection in the presence of a vertical magnetic flux bundle and rotation about the axis is presented. The model contains a compressible plasma described by the nonlinear MHD equations, with density and temperature gradients simulating the upper layer of the sun's convection zone. The solutions exhibit a central magnetic flux tube in a cylindrical numerical domain, with convection cells forming collar flows around the tube. When the numerical domain is rotated with a constant angular velocity, the plasma forms a Rankine vortex, with the plasma rotating as a rigid body where the magnetic field is strong, as in the flux tube, while experiencing sheared azimuthal flow in the surrounding convection cells, forming a free vortex. As a result, the azimuthal velocity component has its maximum value close to the outer edge of the flux tube. The azimuthal flow inside the magnetic flux tube and the vortex flow are prograde relative to the rotating cylindrical reference frame. A retrograde flow appears at the outer wall. The most significant convection cell outside the flux tube is the location for the maximum value of the azimuthal magnetic field component. The azimuthal flow and magnetic structure are not generated spontaneously, but decay exponentially in the absence of any imposed rotation of the cylindrical domain.

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