非平衡一级相变的密度涨落
Density Fluctuations as Signature of a Non--Equilibrium First Order Phase Transition
摘要：
我们表明，在一阶相变中出现的失稳不稳定性，守恒电荷的涨落可以和临界端点（CEP）处的涨落一样强。特别地，当系统穿过等温旋节线时，净重子数磁化率发散。这表明电荷密度涨落不仅可以用来探测CEP，而且可以用来探测重离子碰撞中的非平衡一级手征相变。
英文摘要：
We show that in the presence of spinodal instabilities which develop at a first order phase transition, the fluctuations of conserved charges can be as strong as those at the critical end point (CEP). In particular, the net baryon number susceptibility diverges as the system crosses the isothermal spinodal lines. This indicates that charge density fluctuations can be used not only to probe the CEP but also the non--equilibrium first order chiral phase transition in heavy ion collisions.
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