斯凯尔姆主题变奏曲
Variations on a theme by Skyrme
摘要：
本文综述了自洽描述原子核结构和低能激发的Skyrme-Hartree-Fock（SHF）模型参数的唯象调整。从核体性质（能量，半径，表面厚度）的可靠输入数据的大样本选择指导的标准，基态相关性应该保持小。最小二乘拟合技术用于确定SHF参数，最好地容纳给定的输入数据。通过对所选核物质性质（不可压缩性、有效质量、对称能和求和规则增强因子）进行系统变化来仔细检查调整的预测值问题。我们发现，基态数据，虽然代表了一个大的样本，留下了广泛的选择，即广泛的核物质属性。来自巨共振的信息被添加进来，以更精确地确定开放特征。然后，我们将新调整的参数化集应用于几个更详细的可观测量，如中子皮，同位素位移和超重元素。最小二乘拟合技术为这种外推的不确定性提供了安全的估计。力的系统变化允许解开对给定可观察量的各种影响，并估计SHF模型的预测值。结果在很大程度上取决于所考虑的可观测性。
英文摘要：
We present a survey of the phenomenological adjustment of the parameters of the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock (SHF) model for a self-consistent description of nuclear structure and low-energy excitations. A large sample of reliable input data from nuclear bulk properties (energy, radii, surface thickness) is selected guided by the criterion that ground-state correlations should remain small. Least squares fitting techniques are used to determine the SHF parameters which accommodate best the given input data. The question of the predictive value of the adjustment is scrutinized by performing systematic variations with respect to chosen nuclear matter properties (incompressibility, effective mass, symmetry energy, and sum-rule enhancement factor). We find that the ground-state data, although representing a large sample, leave a broad range of choices, i.e. a broad range of nuclear matter properties. Information from giant resonances is added to pin down more precisely the open features. We then apply the set of newly adjusted parameterizations to several more detailed observables such as neutron skin, isotope shifts, and super-heavy elements. The techniques of least-squares fitting provide safe estimates for the uncertainties of such extrapolations. The systematic variation of forces allows to disentangle the various influences on a given observable and to estimate the predictive value of the SHF model. The results depend very much on the observable under consideration.
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