arXiv 0804.28902008-04gr-qchep-th

膨胀的宇宙有多热？

How hot are expanding universes ?

Nathaniel Obadia

备注：: 4 pages, no figure, version accepted in PRD
发表信息：: Phys.Rev.D78:083532,2008
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevD.78.083532

摘要：

解决量子引力难题的一种方法是说明量子场论、弯曲时空物理学和热力学之间潜在的基本相互作用。到目前为止，在研究真空中运动的量子系统时，唯一已知的完全热温度是在恒定（或零）哈勃参数$H$时空中的恒定（或零）加速度$A$下获得的温度。在这封信中，限制我们自己的共形耦合标量场，我们提出了最全面的表达式所经历的温度由一个移动的观察者在真空中，有效的任何时间依赖的线性加速度和哈勃参数：$T=\sqrt{A^2 + H^2 + 2 \dot H\dot t}/{2π}$其中$\dot t=\d t/\d\t$是运动的洛伦兹因子。解释了常数$T$与实际热度之间的不等价性。作为一个副产品，所有的弗里德曼宇宙，观察者在休息时感觉真空作为一个热浴列出。

英文摘要：

A way to address the conundrum of Quantum Gravity is to illustrate the potentially fundamental interplay between quantum field theory, curved space-times physics and thermodynamics. So far, when studying moving quantum systems in the vacuum, the only known perfectly thermal temperatures are those obtained for constant (or null) accelerations $A$ in constant (or null) Hubble parameters $H$ space-times. In this Letter, restricting ourselves to conformally coupled scalar fields, we present the most comprehensive expression for the temperature undergone by a moving observer in the vacuum, valid for any time-dependent linear accelerations and Hubble parameters: $T=\sqrt{A^2 + H^2 + 2 \dot H\dot t}/{2π}$ where $\dot t=\d t/\d\t$ is the motion's Lorentz factor. The inequivalence between a constant $T$ and actual thermality is explained. As a byproduct, all the Friedman universes for which observers at rest feel the vacuum as a thermal bath are listed.

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