刚性曲面算子
Rigid Surface Operators
摘要：
规范理论中的曲面算符类似于威尔逊和特胡夫特线算符，只是它们支持在二维曲面上而不是一维曲线上。在前一篇文章中，我们构造了N = 4超Yang-Mills理论中的一类半BPS曲面算子，并确定了它们在S-对偶下的变换。这些曲面算子依赖于相对大量的可自由调节的参数。在本文中，我们考虑相反的情况下，半BPS表面运营商是“刚性”的意义上说，他们不依赖于任何参数。我们提出了一些简单的刚性半BPS表面运营商的建设，并试图确定他们如何转换下的对偶。这种尝试只是部分成功，这表明我们的结构并不是全部。部分匹配表明与量子化的有趣联系。我们讨论一些可能的改进和一些弦论的建设，可能会导致一个更完整的图片。
英文摘要：
Surface operators in gauge theory are analogous to Wilson and 't Hooft line operators except that they are supported on a two-dimensional surface rather than a one-dimensional curve. In a previous paper, we constructed a certain class of half-BPS surface operators in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory, and determined how they transform under S-duality. Those surface operators depend on a relatively large number of freely adjustable parameters. In the present paper, we consider the opposite case of half-BPS surface operators that are ``rigid'' in the sense that they do not depend on any parameters at all. We present some simple constructions of rigid half-BPS surface operators and attempt to determine how they transform under duality. This attempt is only partially successful, suggesting that our constructions are not the whole story. The partial match suggests interesting connections with quantization. We discuss some possible refinements and some string theory constructions which might lead to a more complete picture.
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