We prove that the minimal nontrivial finite quotient group of the mapping class group M_g of a closed orientable surface of genus g is the symplectic group PSp(2g,Z_2), for g = 3 and 4 (this might remain true, however, for arbitrary genus g > 2). We discuss also some results for arbitrary genus g.
The aim of this paper is to survey some known results about mapping class group quotients by powers of Dehn twists, related to their finite dimensional representations and to state some open questions. One can construct finite quotients of them, out of representations with Zariski dense images into semisimple Lie groups. We show that, in genus 2, the Fibonacci TQFT representation is actually a specialization of the Jones representation. Eventually, we explain a method of Long and Moody which provides large families of mapping class group representations.
We show that the smallest non-cyclic quotients of braid groups are symmetric groups, proving a conjecture of Margalit. Moreover we recover results of Artin and Lin about the classification of homomorphisms from braid groups on n strands to symmetric groups on k letters, where k is at most n. Unlike the original proofs, our method does not use the Bertrand-Chebyshev theorem, answering a question of Artin. Similarly for mapping class group of closed orientable surfaces, the smallest non-cyclic quotient is given by the mod two reduction of the symplectic representation. We provide an elementary p…
Our main result is that the image of the quantum representation of a central extension of the mapping class group of the genus $g\geq 3$ closed orientable surface at a prime $p\geq 5$ is a Zariski dense discrete subgroup of some higher rank algebraic semi-simple Lie group $\mathbb G_p$ defined over $\Q$. As an application we find that, for any prime $p\geq 5$ a central extension of the genus $g$ mapping class group surjects onto the finite groups $\mathbb G_p(\Z/q\Z)$, for all but finitely many primes $q$. This method provides infinitely many finite quotients of a given mapping class group out…
Given any connected compact orientable surface, a pair of mapping classes are said to be procongruently conjugate if they induce a conjugate pair of outer automophisms on the profinite completion of the fundamental group of the surface. For example, this occurs if they induce conjugate outer automorphisms on every characteristic finite quotient of the fundamental group. In this paper, it is shown that every procongruent conjugacy class of mapping classes, as a subset of the surface mapping class group, is the disjoint union of at most finitely many conjugacy classes of mapping classes. For any…
We give a short proof of Masbaum and Reid's result that mapping class groups involve any finite group, appealing to free quotients of surface groups and a result of Gilman, following Dunfield-Thurston.
In the first part of this paper we prove that the mapping class subgroups generated by the $D$-th powers of Dehn twists (with $D\geq 2$) along a sparse collection of simple closed curves on an orientable surface are right angled Artin groups. The second part is devoted to power quotients, i.e. quotients by the normal subgroup generated by the $D$-th powers of all elements of the mapping class groups. We show first that for infinitely many $D$ the power quotient groups are non-trivial. On the other hand, if $4g+2$ does not divide $D$ then the associated power quotient of the mapping class group…
We determine the center of a meta-nilpotent quotient of a mapping-torus group. As a corollary, we introduce two invariants, which are quadratic forms, of knots and of mapping classes.
A well-known conjecture asserts that the mapping class group of a surface (possibly with punctures/boundary) does not virtually surject onto $\Z$ if the genus of the surface is large. We prove that if this conjecture holds for some genus, then it also holds for all larger genera. We also prove that if there is a counterexample to this conjecture, then there must be a counterexample of a particularly simple form. We prove these results by relating the conjecture to a family of linear representations of the mapping class group that we call the higher Prym representations. They generalize the cla…
To every $Q$-irreducible representation $r$ of a finite group $H$, there corresponds a simple factor $A$ of $Q[H]$ with an involution $τ$. To this pair $(A,τ)$, we associate an arithmetic group $Ω$ consisting of all $(2g-2)\times (2g-2)$ matrices over a natural order of $A^{op}$ which preserve a natural skew-Hermitian sesquilinear form on $A^{2g-2}$. We show that if $H$ is generated by less than $g$ elements, then $Ω$ is a virtual quotient of the mapping class group $Mod(Σ_g)$, i.e. a finite index subgroup of $Ω$ is a quotient of a finite index subgroup of $\Mod(Σ_g)$. This shows that the mapp…
Thurston's fibered face theory allows us to partition the set of pseudo-Anosov mapping classes on different compact oriented surfaces into subclasses with related dynamical behavior. This is done via a correspondence between the rational points on fibered faces in the first cohomology of a hyperbolic 3-manifold and the monodromies of fibrations of the 3-manifold over the circle. In this paper, we generalize examples of Penner, and define quotient families of mapping classes. We show that these mapping classes correspond to open linear sections of fibered faces. The construction gives a simple …
Using quantum representations of mapping class groups we prove that profinite completions of Burnside-type surface group quotients are not virtually prosolvable, in general. Further, we construct infinitely many finite simple characteristic quotients of surface groups.
The aim of this note is to give the simplest possible proof that Mapping Class Groups of closed hyperbolic surfaces are acylindrically hyperbolic, and more specifically that their curve graphs are hyperbolic and that pseudo-Anosovs act on them as loxodromic WPDs.
In this paper we show that the normal closure of the mth power of a half-twist has infinite index in the mapping class group of a punctured sphere. Furthermore, in some cases we prove that the quotient of the mapping class group of the punctured sphere by the normal closure of a power of a half-twist contains a free abelian subgroup. As a corollary we prove that the quotient of the hyperelliptic mapping class group of a surface of genus at least two by the normal closure of the mth power of a Dehn twist has infinite order, and for some integers m the quotient contains a free nonabelian subgrou…
Motivated by the work of Birman about the relationship between mapping class groups and braid groups, we discuss the relationship between the orbit braid group and the equivariant mapping class group on the closed surface $M$ with a free and proper group action in this article. Our construction is based on the exact sequence given by the fibration $\mathcal{F}_{0}^{G}M \rightarrow F(M/G,n)$. The conclusion is closely connected with the braid group of the quotient space. Comparing with the situation without the group action, there is a big difference when the quotient space is $\mathbb{T}^{2}$.
A homology cylinder over a surface consists of a homology cobordism between two copies of the surface and markings of its boundary. The set of isomorphism classes of homology cylinders over a fixed surface has a natural monoid structure and it is known that this monoid can be seen as an enlargement of the mapping class group of the surface. We now focus on abelian quotients of this monoid. We show that both the monoid of all homology cylinders and that of irreducible homology cylinders are not finitely generated and moreover they have big abelian quotients. These properties contrast with the f…
Let $X_n$ be a cycle of $n$ projective lines, and $\bT_n$ a symplectic torus with $n$ punctures. Using the theory of spherical twists introduced by Seidel and Thomas (2001), I will define an action of the pure mapping class group of $\bT_n$ on $D^b(Coh(X_n))$. The motivation comes from homological mirror symmetry for degenerate elliptic curves, which was studied by the author with Treumann and Zaslow in arXiv:1103.2462 .
These are notes from lectures given at the Clay Institute Summer School on "Floer homology, gauge theory and low-dimensional topology" (Budapest, 2004). The first part describes as background some of the geometry of symplectic fibre bundles and their monodromy. The second part, overviewing joint work with Paul Seidel, applies these general ideas and Floer cohomology to certain fibre bundles that arise naturally in Lie theory. This constructs an invariant of oriented links in the three-sphere which is conjecturally equal to Khovanov's combinatorial homology theory.