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arXiv 0802.3867cond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mech
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平行硬棒状粒子的非均匀液晶相:从椭球到圆柱

Non-uniform liquid--crystalline phases of parallel hard rod-shaped particles: From ellipsoids to cylinders

Yuri Martinez-Raton, Enrique Velasco

摘要:

在这篇文章中,我们考虑系统的平行硬{ \it superellipsoids},它可以被看作是一个可能的插值椭球之间的旋转和圆柱。超椭圆体的特征在于纵横比和考虑几何形状的指数$α$(形状参数),其中$α=1$对应于旋转椭球,而$α=\infty$是圆柱体的极限。众所周知,虽然硬平行圆柱体表现出近晶相、近晶相和固相,但硬平行椭圆体不稳定近晶相,随着密度增加,近晶相直接转化为固体。我们使用计算机模拟来寻找证据,对于$α\geα_c$,其中$α_c$是一个临界值,模拟估计在区间1.2- 1.3,近晶相是稳定的。这是令人惊讶的接近椭圆的情况。此外,我们使用的密度泛函的方法,基于帕森斯-李近似,描述近晶和柱状订购。结合晶相的自由体积理论,预测了理论相图。虽然一些定性的特点,如近晶稳定性的提高,增加$α$,并可能缺乏一个稳定的柱状相,是正确的,共存密度的精确位置是定量不正确的。

英文摘要:

In this article we consider systems of parallel hard {\it superellipsoids}, which can be viewed as a possible interpolation between ellipsoids of revolution and cylinders. Superellipsoids are characterized by an aspect ratio and an exponent $α$ (shape parameter) which takes care of the geometry, with $α=1$ corresponding to ellipsoids of revolution, while $α=\infty$ is the limit of cylinders. It is well known that, while hard parallel cylinders exhibit nematic, smectic, and solid phases, hard parallel ellipsoids do not stabilize the smectic phase, the nematic phase transforming directly into a solid as density is increased. We use computer simulation to find evidence that for $α\geα_c$, where $α_c$ is a critical value which the simulations estimate to be in the interval 1.2--1.3, the smectic phase is stabilized. This is surprisingly close to the ellipsoidal case. In addition, we use a density-functional approach, based on the Parsons--Lee approximation, to describe smectic and columnar ordering. In combination with a free--volume theory for the crystalline phase, a theoretical phase diagram is predicted. While some qualitative features, such as the enhancement of smectic stability for increasing $α$, and the probable absence of a stable columnar phase, are correct, the precise location of coexistence densities are quantitatively incorrect.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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