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arXiv 0802.1923astro-ph
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磁星辐射中的共振回旋散射

Resonant cyclotron scattering in magnetars' emission

Nanda Rea, Silvia Zane, Roberto Turolla, Maxim Lyutikov, Diego Gotz

摘要:

我们提出了一个共振回旋散射(RCS)模型的系统拟合的X射线数据的十个磁星,包括正则和瞬态异常X射线散射(AXP),和软伽马中继(SGR)。在这种情况下,在软X射线(即低于10千电子伏)的非热磁星光谱的热磁层等离子体的热表面发射的共振回旋散射的结果。我们发现,该模型可以成功地解释磁星的软X射线发射,而使用相同数量的自由参数比常用的经验黑体加幂律模型。然而,虽然RCS模型可以单独再现AXP的软X射线光谱,但低于~10 keV的SGR的硬得多的光谱需要添加幂律分量(后者是负责其硬X射线发射的相同分量)。虽然这个模型在其目前的形式并不能解释硬X射线发射的一些这些来源,我们把这个进一步的组成部分,在我们的建模不忽视他们的贡献在~4-10 keV波段。我们发现,整个类的源的特点是磁层等离子体的密度,在共振半径,是约3个数量级高于n_{GJ},Goldreich-Julian电子密度。介入氢柱密度的推断值,也更好地与最近的估计推断出的单X射线边缘的拟合。对于整个样本的观察,我们发现的散射深度和电子热速度之间的相关性的迹象,和场强。此外,在大多数瞬态异常X射线天体中,爆发状态的特征是相对较高的表面温度,在衰变过程中冷却下来。

英文摘要:

(Abridged) We present a systematic fit of a model of resonant cyclotron scattering (RCS) to the X-ray data of ten magnetars, including canonical and transient anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs), and soft gamma repeaters (SGRs). In this scenario, non-thermal magnetar spectra in the soft X-rays (i.e. below ~10 keV) result from resonant cyclotron scattering of the thermal surface emission by hot magnetospheric plasma. We find that this model can successfully account for the soft X-ray emission of magnetars, while using the same number of free parameters than the commonly used empirical blackbody plus power-law model. However, while the RCS model can alone reproduce the soft X-ray spectra of AXPs, the much harder spectra of SGRs below ~10 keV, requires the addition of a power-law component (the latter being the same component responsible for their hard X-ray emission). Although this model in its present form does not explain the hard X-ray emission of a few of these sources, we took this further component into account in our modeling not to overlook their contribution in the ~4-10 keV band. We find that the entire class of sources is characterized by magnetospheric plasma with a density which, at resonant radius, is about 3 orders of magnitudes higher than n_{GJ}, the Goldreich-Julian electron density. The inferred values of the intervening hydrogen column densities, are also in better agreement with more recent estimates inferred from the fit of single X-ray edges. For the entire sample of observations, we find indications for a correlation between the scattering depth and the electron thermal velocity, and the field strength. Moreover, in most transient anomalous X-ray pulsars the outburst state is characterized by a relatively high surface temperature which cools down during the decay.

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