候选磁星4U 0142+61的活动：爆发和发射线
Activity from Magnetar Candidate 4U 0142+61: Bursts and Emission Lines
摘要：
经过6年的沉寂，异常X射线脉冲星（AXP）4U 0142+61在2006年3月进入了持续数月的活跃期。在活动阶段，探测到了几次爆发，X射线发射的许多方面都发生了变化。我们报告了六个X射线爆发的发现，这是在罗西X射线定时探测器（RXTE）监测的10年中首次从AXP中看到的。所有爆发都发生在2006年4月6日至2007年2月7日之间。这些爆发具有典型的SGR/AXP爆发的快升慢衰特征。爆发持续时间范围为8-3x10^3 s（以T90为特征），即使与SGR和AXP的其他爆发的广泛T90分布相比，这些持续时间也非常长。前五个爆发光谱很好地模拟了简单的黑体，温度kT ~2-6 keV。然而，第六次爆发有一个复杂的光谱，包括至少三条发射线，可能还有额外的发射线和吸收线。最显著的特征是在~14 keV。在AXP 1 E 1048.1-5937和XTE J1810-197的爆发中观察到了类似的14 keV光谱特征。如果这个功能被解释为质子回旋线，那么它支持这些AXP的磁场强度场的存在。几个爆发伴随着短期脉冲通量增强。我们讨论这些事件的背景下的磁星模型。
英文摘要：
After 6 years of quiescence, Anomalous X-ray Pulsar (AXP) 4U 0142+61 entered an active phase in 2006 March that lasted several months. During the active phase, several bursts were detected, and many aspects of the X-ray emission changed. We report on the discovery of six X-ray bursts, the first ever seen from this AXP in ~10 years of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) monitoring. All the bursts occurred in the interval between 2006 April 6 and 2007 February 7. The bursts had the canonical fast rise slow decay profiles characteristic of SGR/AXP bursts. The burst durations ranged from 8-3x10^3 s as characterized by T90,these are very long durations even when compared to the broad T90 distributions of other bursts from SGRs and AXPs. The first five burst spectra are well modeled by simple blackbodies, with temperature kT ~2-6 keV. However, the sixth burst had a complicated spectrum consisting of at least three emission lines with possible additional emission and absorption lines. The most significant feature was at ~14 keV. Similar 14-keV spectral features were seen in bursts from AXPs 1E 1048.1-5937 and XTE J1810-197. If this feature is interpreted as a proton cyclotron line, then it supports the existence of a magnetar-strength field for these AXPs. Several of the bursts were accompanied by a short-term pulsed flux enhancement. We discuss these events in the context of the magnetar model.
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