时空对称性破坏引起的涡旋流和平移流
Vortex and translational currents due to broken time-space symmetries
摘要：
本文研究了$d=2,3$维空间周期势中粒子在零平均时间周期外场作用下的经典动力学。我们进行了一般的时空对称性分析，并确定条件，当粒子将产生一个非零的平均平移和涡流。我们进行计算研究的运动方程和相应的福克-普朗克方程，这证实了对称性的预测。我们解决实验的重要问题，电流控制。光学势和磁阱中的冷原子是实验观察这些发现的可能候选者之一。
英文摘要：
We consider the classical dynamics of a particle in a $d=2,3$-dimensional space-periodic potential under the influence of time-periodic external fields with zero mean. We perform a general time-space symmetry analysis and identify conditions, when the particle will generate a nonzero averaged translational and vortex currents. We perform computational studies of the equations of motion and of corresponding Fokker-Planck equations, which confirm the symmetry predictions. We address the experimentally important issue of current control. Cold atoms in optical potentials and magnetic traps are among possible candidates to observe these findings experimentally.
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