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arXiv 0801.3482astro-ph
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用新一代X射线望远镜探测甚高红移类星体

Detecting quasars at very high redshift with next generation X-ray telescopes

Kirsty J. Rhook, Martin G. Haehnelt

摘要:

下一代的X射线望远镜有可能探测到非常高红移的微弱类星体,并探测大质量黑洞(BH)的早期生长。我们提出了模拟的光学和X射线活动星系核光度函数的演变在2 &lt; z 6的范围内< 6 based on a CDM merger-driven model for the triggering of nuclear activity combined with a variety of fading laws. We extrapolate the merger-driven models to z >的BH增长的情况。我们预测在z ~ 6处有大量的源,其通量仅低于当前检测限一个数量级,因此可以用XEUS和星座X检测,相对独立于所选择的衰落定律。在更高的红移预测的源的数量依赖于BH的早期生长历史敏感。对于黑洞在爱丁顿极限下不断增长的被动演化模型,即使是X世代,可检测到的黑洞也可能很少超过z ~ 10。然而,在更可能的情况下,BH在z &gt; 6的增长可以通过具有小占空比的被动演化来描述,或者通过我们的合并驱动吸积模型来描述,那么我们预测XEUS和Generation-X将检测到z ~ 10甚至更高的大量黑洞。

英文摘要:

The next generation of X-ray telescopes have the potential to detect faint quasars at very high redshift and probe the early growth of massive black holes (BHs). We present modelling of the evolution of the optical and X-ray AGN luminosity function at 2 < z < 6 based on a CDM merger-driven model for the triggering of nuclear activity combined with a variety of fading laws. We extrapolate the merger-driven models to z > 6 for a range of BH growth scenarios. We predict significant numbers of sources at z ~ 6 with fluxes just an order of magnitude below the current detection limits and thus detectable with XEUS and Constellation-X, relatively independently of the fading law chosen. The predicted number of sources at even higher redshift depends sensitively on the early growth history of BHs. For passive evolution models in which BHs grow constantly at their Eddington limit, detectable BHs may be rare beyond z ~ 10 even with Generation-X. However, in the more probable scenario that BH growth at z > 6 can be described by passive evolution with a small duty cycle, or by our merger driven accretion model, then we predict that XEUS and Generation-X will detect significant numbers of black holes out to z ~ 10 and perhaps beyond.

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