准一维导体中产生孤子的新途径
New Routes to Solitons in Quasi One-Dimensional Conductors
摘要：
我们收集了微观孤子存在的证据，以及它们在准一维导体电子过程中的决定作用。铁电电荷序给出了几种类型的孤子的电导率和介电常数，并在光学孤子的束缚对-无论是在绝缘和导电的情况下的TMTTF和TMTSF子族。对共轭聚合物物理学的偏离允许建议进一步的实验。电荷密度波中的内部隧穿通过“振幅孤子”的通道，这对应于长期寻找的准粒子-自旋。同样的实验给出了一个访问的可逆重建的结通过自发创建一个晶格的2 Pi孤子-一个网格的位错。在最近的STM实验中，已经直观地捕捉到了单个的2 Pi孤子。有机和氧化物导体的结预计将显示出类似的重建效果。
英文摘要：
We collect evidences on existence of microscopic solitons, and their determining role in electronic processes of quasi-1D conductors. The ferroelectric charge ordering gives access to several types of solitons in conductivity and permittivity, and to solitons' bound pairs in optics - both in insulating and conducting cases of TMTTF and TMTSF subfamilies. The excursion to physics of conjugated polymers allows to suggest further experiments. Internal tunnelling in Charge Density Waves goes through the channel of "amplitude solitons", which correspond to the long sought quasi-particle - the spinon. The same experiment gives an access to the reversible reconstruction of the junction via spontaneous creation of a lattice of 2Pi solitons - a grid of dislocations. The individual 2Pi solitons have been visually captured in recent STM experiments. Junctions of organic and oxide conductors are anticipated to show similar effects of reconstruction.
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