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arXiv 0801.2570astro-ph
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群中半导体的热气晕

The Hot Gas Halos of Galaxies in Groups

Tesla E. Jeltema, Breanna Binder, John S. Mulchaey

摘要:

我们使用钱德拉观测的13个邻近的星系群,调查其成员星系的热气含量。我们发现,大部分的近红外明亮的,早期类型的星系群有扩展的X射线发射,这表明他们保留显着的热气晕,即使在这些密集的环境。特别是,我们在约80%的L_K > L_L星系中探测到了热气晕。我们没有发现被探测的星系团和星系团早型星系的L_K-L_X关系有明显的差异。然而,我们检测到的X射线发射从一个显着更高的分数的星系比L_星的组相比,集群,表明更大比例的星系在集群中的经验显着剥离他们的热气体。此外,与场星系相比,群星系和星系团星系的X射线似乎较暗,但需要钱德拉的场样本来证实这一结果。星系团和星系群中的近红外亮晚型星系似乎遵循早型星系的L_K-L_X关系,而近红外暗晚型星系的X射线亮度明显高于早型星系的L_K-L_X关系,这可能是由于恒星的形成。最后,我们发现个别的例子,正在进行的气体剥离组星系。一个星系显示出40-50 kpc的X射线尾,两个合并的星系系统显示出X射线发射的潮汐桥/尾。因此,通过冲压压力和潮汐力剥离热星系气体确实发生在星系团和星系团中,但这种事件的频率或效率必须足够温和,以允许大部分明亮星系中的热气晕即使在星系团和星系团的核心也能存活。

英文摘要:

We use Chandra observations of 13 nearby groups of galaxies to investigate the hot gas content of their member galaxies. We find that a large fraction of near-IR bright, early-type galaxies in groups have extended X-ray emission, indicating that they retain significant hot gas halos even in these dense environments. In particular, we detect hot gas halos in ~80% of L_K > L_star galaxies. We do not find a significant difference in the L_K-L_X relation for detected group and cluster early-type galaxies. However, we detect X-ray emission from a significantly higher fraction of galaxies brighter than L_star in groups compared to clusters, indicating that a larger fraction of galaxies in clusters experience significant stripping of their hot gas. In addition, group and cluster galaxies appear to be X-ray faint compared to field galaxies, though a Chandra based field sample is needed to confirm this result. The near-IR bright late-types galaxies in clusters and groups appear to follow the L_K-L_X relation for early-type galaxies, while near-IR fainter late-type galaxies are significantly more X-ray luminous than this relation likely due to star formation. Finally, we find individual examples of ongoing gas stripping of group galaxies. One galaxy shows a 40-50 kpc X-ray tail, and two merging galaxy systems show tidal bridges/tails of X-ray emission. Therefore, stripping of hot galactic gas through both ram pressure and tidal forces does occur in groups and clusters, but the frequency or efficiency of such events must be moderate enough to allow hot gas halos in a large fraction of bright galaxies to survive even in group and cluster cores.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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