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arXiv 0801.1734gr-qc
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黑洞的体积

The Volume Inside a Black Hole

Brandon S. DiNunno, Richard A. Matzner

摘要:

黑洞的视界(表面)是一个零表面,由那些假设的“出射”光线定义,这些光线只是在表面强引力的影响下徘徊。因为光线在某个时刻与空间二维表面正交,所以黑洞的表面对于所有观察者都是相同的(即对于“时刻”的所有坐标定义都是相同的)。对于不旋转的黑洞,这个值是4*(π)*(2 Gm/c^2)^2,其中G=牛顿常数,c=光速,m=黑洞的质量。相比之下,黑洞内部的三维空间体积明显依赖于时间的定义,甚至可以是时间依赖的,或者为零。我们给出了几个不同的标准时间坐标定义的标准,非旋转球形黑洞内发现的体积的例子。阐明这些结果的卷提供了一个新的教学资源的事实已经知道在原则上的相对论社区,但很少工作。

英文摘要:

The horizon (the surface) of a black hole is a null surface, defined by those hypothetical "outgoing" light rays that just hover under the influence of the strong gravity at the surface. Because the light rays are orthogonal to the spatial 2-dimensional surface at one instant of time, the surface of the black hole is the same for all observers (i.e. the same for all coordinate definitions of "instant of time"). This value is 4*(pi)* (2Gm/c^2)^2 for nonspinning black holes, with G= Newton's constant, c= speed of light, and m= mass of the black hole. The 3-dimensional spatial volume inside a black hole, in contrast, depends explicitly on the definition of time, and can even be time dependent, or zero. We give examples of the volume found inside a standard, nonspinning spherical black hole, for several different standard time-coordinate definitions. Elucidating these results for the volume provides a new pedagogical resource of facts already known in principle to the relativity community, but rarely worked out.

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