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arXiv 0801.1414quant-ph
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与随机碰撞相互作用的少量子比特系统的纠缠动力学和弛豫

Entanglement dynamics and relaxation in a few qubit system interacting with random collisions

Giuseppe Gennaro, Giuliano Benenti, Massimo Palma

摘要:

分析了单个量子位通过一系列成对碰撞与仅由两个以上量子位组成的环境相互作用的动力学。每个碰撞建模的随机酉算子的均匀概率分布所描述的均匀哈尔措施。结果表明,系统量子比特的纯度以及两体纠缠和三体纠缠都达到了具有大的瞬时涨落的时间平均平衡值,这些平衡值与量子比特之间的碰撞阶数无关.松弛平衡分析也在随机碰撞历史的系综平均。这样的平均值允许衰减常数的定量评估和解释。此外,依赖于环境量子比特之间的初始纠缠度的瞬态动力学的存在。最后分析了两体纠缠和三体纠缠的统计特性。

英文摘要:

The dynamics of a single qubit interacting by a sequence of pairwise collisions with an environment consisting of just two more qubits is analyzed. Each collision is modeled in terms of a random unitary operator with a uniform probability distribution described by the uniform Haar measure. We show that the purity of the system qubit as well as the bipartite and the tripartite entanglement reach time averaged equilibrium values characterized by large instantaneous fluctuations.These equilibrium values are independent of the order of collision among the qubits. The relaxation to equilibrium is analyzed also in terms of an ensemble average of random collision histories. Such average allows for a quantitative evaluation and interpretation of the decay constants. Furthermore a dependence of the transient dynamics on the initial degree of entanglement between the environment qubits is shown to exist. Finally the statistical properties of bipartite and tripartite entanglement are analyzed.

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