追求LSST科学要求：光度测量算法的比较
In Pursuit of LSST Science Requirements: A Comparison of Photometry Algorithms
摘要：
我们已经开发了一个端到端的光度数据处理管道，比较目前常用的地面成像数据的光度算法。该测试平台具有极强的适应性，使我们能够执行许多研究和开发任务，包括图像相减和相加、物体检测和测量、光度计目录的制作以及带有时间序列信息的数据库表的创建和存储。这项测试已经进行，以评估现有的测光算法考虑下一代图像处理管道的大型综合巡天望远镜（LSST）。我们概述了四个软件包的测试结果：斯隆数字巡天（SDSS）照片包，Daophot和Allframe，DoPhot和两个版本的源提取器（SExtractor）。这些算法执行点源测光，天体测量，形状测量，恒星星系分离，并在低信号噪声测量对象的能力进行量化。我们还对Daophot和Allframe进行了详细的拥挤字段比较，并详细描述了SExtractor的速度和内存要求。我们发现Daophot和Photo都能够以足够高的精度执行孔径测光，以满足LSST的科学要求，而在PSF拟合测光方面则不太充分。照片在同时进行点和扩展源形状和亮度测量时表现最好。SExtractor是最快的算法，最近的软件升级产生了高质量的质心和形状测量，几乎没有对微弱幅度的偏差。全帧在拥挤的视野中产生最佳的光度效果。
英文摘要：
We have developed an end-to-end photometric data processing pipeline to compare current photometric algorithms commonly used on ground-based imaging data. This testbed is exceedingly adaptable, and enables us to perform many research and development tasks, including image subtraction and co-addition, object detection and measurements, the production of photometric catalogs, and the creation and stocking of database tables with time-series information. This testing has been undertaken to evaluate existing photometry algorithms for consideration by a next-generation image processing pipeline for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). We outline the results of our tests for four packages: The Sloan Digital Sky Survey's (SDSS) Photo package, Daophot and Allframe, DoPhot, and two versions of Source Extractor (SExtractor). The ability of these algorithms to perform point-source photometry, astrometry, shape measurements, star-galaxy separation, and to measure objects at low signal-to-noise is quantified. We also perform a detailed crowded field comparison of Daophot and Allframe, and profile the speed and memory requirements in detail for SExtractor. We find that both Daophot and Photo are able to perform aperture photometry to high enough precision to meet LSST's science requirements, and less adequately at PSF-fitting photometry. Photo performs the best at simultaneous point and extended-source shape and brightness measurements. SExtractor is the fastest algorithm, and recent upgrades in the software yield high-quality centroid and shape measurements with little bias towards faint magnitudes. Allframe yields the best photometric results in crowded fields.
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