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arXiv 0711.0215astro-ph
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星系团内气体的熵底演化?

An Evolving Entropy Floor in the Intracluster Gas?

Wenjuan Fang, Zoltan Haiman

摘要:

非引力过程,如星系及其活跃核的反馈,被认为向星系团内气体注入了过量的熵,因此改变了星系团形成期间的密度分布。在这里,我们研究了一个简单的模型,这种所谓的预热情况下,并询问(i)是否可以同时解释全球X射线标度关系和星系团的数量计数,以及(ii)所需的熵的量是否随红移的演变。我们采用了一个基线熵分布,适合最近的流体动力学模拟,修改流体静力学平衡条件的气体,包括约。20%的非热压力支持,并增加一个熵底K_0,允许随红移变化。我们发现,当熵底为K_0(z)=341(1+z)^{-0.83}h^{-1/3} keV cm ^2时,观测到的低红移(z =0.05)HIFLUGCS和高红移(z=0.8)WARPS团簇的亮度-温度(L-T)关系可以同时得到最好的再现。如果我们将我们的分析限制在亮(kT > 3 keV)团簇的子集上,我们发现演化的熵底可以模仿L-T标度关系中的自相似演化。然而,当(0.5 < kT < 3 keV)团簇也包括在内时,这种具有自相似演化的简并性被打破。沉没的约我们发现,从z=0.8到z=0.05,60%的熵增加与如果加热是由不断发展的全球类星体人口提供的预期大致一致。使用WMAP 3年数据中σ_8 =0.76的宇宙学参数,与158 deg^2 ROSAT PSPC巡天数据相比,我们的最佳拟合模型低估了X射线星系团的数量。将sigma_8视为自由参数,我们发现sigma_8=0.80+/- 0.02的最佳拟合值。

英文摘要:

Non-gravitational processes, such as feedback from galaxies and their active nuclei, are believed to have injected excess entropy into the intracluster gas, and therefore to have modified the density profiles in galaxy clusters during their formation. Here we study a simple model for this so-called preheating scenario, and ask (i) whether it can simultaneously explain both global X-ray scaling relations and number counts of galaxy clusters, and (ii) whether the amount of entropy required evolves with redshift. We adopt a baseline entropy profile that fits recent hydrodynamic simulations, modify the hydrostatic equilibrium condition for the gas by including approx. 20% non-thermal pressure support, and add an entropy floor K_0 that is allowed to vary with redshift. We find that the observed luminosity-temperature (L-T) relations of low-redshift (z=0.05) HIFLUGCS clusters and high-redshift (z=0.8) WARPS clusters are best simultaneously reproduced with an evolving entropy floor of K_0(z)=341(1+z)^{-0.83}h^{-1/3} keV cm^2. If we restrict our analysis to the subset of bright (kT > 3 keV) clusters, we find that the evolving entropy floor can mimic a self-similar evolution in the L-T scaling relation. This degeneracy with self-similar evolution is, however, broken when (0.5 < kT < 3 keV) clusters are also included. The approx. 60% entropy increase we find from z=0.8 to z=0.05 is roughly consistent with that expected if the heating is provided by the evolving global quasar population. Using the cosmological parameters from the WMAP 3-year data with sigma_8=0.76, our best-fit model underpredicts the number counts of the X-ray galaxy clusters compared to those derived from the 158 deg^2 ROSAT PSPC survey. Treating sigma_8 as a free parameter, we find a best-fit value of sigma_8=0.80+/- 0.02.

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