容错动态可重构微流控生物芯片的设计
Design of Fault-Tolerant and Dynamically-Reconfigurable Microfluidic Biochips
摘要：
基于微流控技术的生物芯片预计很快将彻底改变临床诊断、DNA测序和其他涉及分子生物学的实验室程序。大多数微流体生物芯片基于连续流体流动的原理，并且它们依赖于永久蚀刻的微通道、微泵和微阀。在这里，我们专注于“数字”液滴为基础的微流控生物芯片的自动化设计。与连续流系统相比，数字微流体提供了动态可重构性;微流体阵列中的细胞组可以被重新配置，以在一组生物测定的并发执行期间改变它们的功能。我们提出了一种模拟退火为基础的技术，在这样的生物芯片的模块布局。放置过程不仅解决了芯片面积，而且还考虑了容错，这允许当检测到单个细胞有故障时，将微流体模块重新定位在系统中的其他位置。模拟结果的案例研究，涉及聚合酶链反应。
英文摘要：
Microfluidics-based biochips are soon expected to revolutionize clinical diagnosis, DNA sequencing, and other laboratory procedures involving molecular biology. Most microfluidic biochips are based on the principle of continuous fluid flow and they rely on permanently-etched microchannels, micropumps, and microvalves. We focus here on the automated design of "digital" droplet-based microfluidic biochips. In contrast to continuous-flow systems, digital microfluidics offers dynamic reconfigurability; groups of cells in a microfluidics array can be reconfigured to change their functionality during the concurrent execution of a set of bioassays. We present a simulated annealing-based technique for module placement in such biochips. The placement procedure not only addresses chip area, but it also considers fault tolerance, which allows a microfluidic module to be relocated elsewhere in the system when a single cell is detected to be faulty. Simulation results are presented for a case study involving the polymerase chain reaction.
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