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arXiv 0710.4138astro-ph
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2001年3月Markarian 421的多波长观测:X射线/TeV相关变率的新发现

Multiwavelength Observations of Markarian 421 in March 2001: an Unprecedented View on the X-ray/TeV Correlated Variability

G. Fossati, J. H. Buckley, I. H. Bond, S. M. Bradbury, D. A. Carter-Lewis, Y. C. K. Chow, W. Cui, A. D. Falcone, J. P. Finley, J. A. Gaidos, J. Grube, J. Holder… 展开作者

G. Fossati, J. H. Buckley, I. H. Bond, S. M. Bradbury, D. A. Carter-Lewis, Y. C. K. Chow, W. Cui, A. D. Falcone, J. P. Finley, J. A. Gaidos, J. Grube, J. Holder, D. Horan, D. Horns, M. M. Jordan, D. B. Kieda, J. Kildea, H. Krawczynski, F. Krennrich, M. J. Lang, S. LeBohec, K. Lee, P. Moriarty, R. A. Ong, D. Petry, J. Quinn, G. H. Sembroski, S. P. Wakely, T. C. Weekes

摘要:

本文详细分析了2001年对耀变体Mrk 421在2-60 keV X射线(RXTE)和TeV γ射线(Whipple和HEGRA)上进行的为期一周的同步观测。这个数据集前所未有的质量使我们能够牢固地建立TeV和X射线光度之间的相关性,并开始揭示其一些更详细的特征,特别是其能量依赖性和时间变化性。该源显示出X射线和伽马射线的强烈、高度相关的变化。在全周数据集上没有发现X射线/γ射线带间滞后的证据(<3 ks)。然而,对3月19日耀斑的详细分析表明,数据与2-4 keV X射线和TeV波段的爆发峰值同时发生并不一致。我们估计一个2.1+/-0.7kTeV的滞后。X射线和γ射线的振幅变化也高度相关,TeV的光度增加超过线性w.r.t.那个X射线。强相关性支持标准模型,其中独特的电子群体通过同步辐射产生X射线,并通过逆康普顿散射产生伽马射线分量。然而,对于个别最好的观测耀斑的伽玛射线通量尺度近似平方w.r.t. X射线通量,对TeV耀变体的发射模型提出了严峻的挑战。为了再现二次相关性,需要发射区域的物理参数的时间演变的相当特殊的条件和/或微调。

英文摘要:

(Abridged) We present a detailed analysis of week-long simultaneous observations of the blazar Mrk421 at 2-60 keV X-rays (RXTE) and TeV gamma-rays (Whipple and HEGRA) in 2001. The unprecedented quality of this dataset enables us to establish firmly the existence of the correlation between the TeV and X-ray luminosities, and to start unveiling some of its more detailed characteristics, in particular its energy dependence, and time variability. The source shows strong, highly correlated variations in X-ray and gamma-ray. No evidence of X-ray/gamma-ray interband lag is found on the full week dataset (<3 ks). However, a detailed analysis of the March 19 flare reveals that data are not consistent with the peak of the outburst in the 2-4 keV X-ray and TeV band being simultaneous. We estimate a 2.1+/-0.7 ks TeV lag. The amplitudes of the X-ray and gamma-ray variations are also highly correlated, and the TeV luminosity increases more than linearly w.r.t. the X-ray one. The strong correlation supports the standard model in which a unique electrons population produces the X-rays by synchrotron radiation and the gamma-ray component by inverse Compton scattering. However, for the individual best observed flares the gamma-ray flux scales approximately quadratically w.r.t. the X-ray flux, posing a serious challenge to emission models for TeV blazars. Rather special conditions and/or fine tuning of the temporal evolution of the physical parameters of the emission region are required in order to reproduce the quadratic correlation.

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