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arXiv 0710.3431astro-ph
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在现代宇宙中可能探测到一对不稳定超新星,以及对第一颗恒星的影响

Possible Detection of a Pair Instability Supernova in the Modern Universe, and Implications for the First Stars

Nathan Smith

摘要:

SN 2006gy在可见光中辐射的能量比迄今为止任何其他超新星都要多,其能量需求的潜在解释对银河系化学演化和第一批恒星的死亡都有影响。它的亮度持续了200多天,比任何正常的超新星都要长,并且在可见光波段辐射出超过1e51尔格的光能。我认为,这种IIn型超新星可能是一个非常巨大的恒星,如船底座伊塔星爆炸时保留其氢包层,在其一生中遭受相对较小的质量损失。这发生在大约太阳的金属丰度挑战了目前的范式,质量损失的恒星演化。我探讨了SN2006gy的电源的一些潜在的解释,涉及要么拱星相互作用,或者相反,56Ni的衰变。如果SN 2006gy是由冲击能转化为光能提供动力的,那么条件必须是真正非凡的,传统的相互作用模型不起作用。如果SN 2006gy是由放射性衰变提供能量,那么令人不安的巨大56Ni质量要求这颗恒星爆炸为一颗对不稳定超新星。这种可能性使得SN 2006gy非常有趣,特别是在这次会议上,因为它是真正的对不稳定超新星的第一个很好的候选者。

英文摘要:

SN 2006gy radiated far more energy in visual light than any other supernova so far, and potential explanations for its energy demands have implications for galactic chemical evolution and the deaths of the first stars. It remained bright for over 200 days, longer than any normal supernova, and it radiated more than 1e51 ergs of luminous energy at visual wavelengths. I argue that this Type IIn supernova was probably the explosion of an extremely massive star like Eta Carinae that retained its hydrogen envelope when it exploded, having suffered relatively little mass loss during its lifetime. That this occurred at roughly Solar metallicity challenges current paradigms for mass loss in massive-star evolution. I explore a few potential explanations for SN2006gy's power source, involving either circumstellar interaction, or instead, the decay of 56Ni. If SN 2006gy was powered by the conversion of shock energy into light, then the conditions must be truly extraordinary and traditional interaction models don't work. If SN 2006gy was powered by radioactive decay, then the uncomfortably huge 56Ni mass requires that the star exploded as a pair instability supernova. The mere possibility of this makes SN 2006gy interesting, especially at this meeting, because it is the first good candidate for a genuine pair instability supernova.

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