解除禁闭相变和爆炸强子化的流体动力学模拟
Hydrodynamical modeling of the deconfinement phase transition and explosive hadronization
摘要：
在光锥坐标系下，基于一个简单的（1+1）维流体动力学模型，研究了相对论性重离子碰撞动力学。重点研究了系统的动力学和可观测量对状态方程和初始条件的敏感性。证明了π介子快度谱对相变存在的低灵敏度，并指出了平衡态的一些不一致之处。可能的非平衡效应进行了讨论，特别是，一个爆炸性解体的退禁闭相成夸克胶子液滴的可能性。简单的估计表明，特征液滴尺寸应随集体膨胀率的增加而减小。这些液滴将通过从表面发射强子而单独强子化。这种情况应该通过观测量的强非统计波动来揭示。
英文摘要：
Dynamics of relativistic heavy-ion collisions is investigated on the basis of a simple (1+1)-dimensional hydrodynamical model in light-cone coordinates. The main emphasis is put on studying sensitivity of the dynamics and observables to the equation of state and initial conditions. Low sensitivity of pion rapidity spectra to the presence of the phase transition is demonstrated, and some inconsistencies of the equilibrium scenario are pointed out. Possible non-equilibrium effects are discussed, in particular, a possibility of an explosive disintegration of the deconfined phase into quark-gluon droplets. Simple estimates show that the characteristic droplet size should decrease with increasing the collective expansion rate. These droplets will hadronize individually by emitting hadrons from the surface. This scenario should reveal itself by strong non-statistical fluctuations of observables.
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