玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中孤子衰变和相位起伏的原子芯片干涉测量
Exploiting soliton decay and phase fluctuations in atom chip interferometry of Bose-Einstein condensates
摘要：
我们发现，孤子的衰变成涡旋提供了一种机制，用于测量两个合并的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体之间的初始相位差。在非常低的温度下，这种机制是共振的，只有当云开始反相时才起作用。但在更高的温度下，相位波动触发涡旋产生在很大范围内的初始相对相位，在最近的实验中观察到在麻省理工学院。选择的合并时间，以最大限度地增加所创建的旋涡的数量，使干涉仪高度敏感的空间变化的相位图案，因此原子的运动。
英文摘要：
We show that the decay of a soliton into vortices provides a mechanism for measuring the initial phase difference between two merging Bose-Einstein condensates. At very low temperatures, the mechanism is resonant, operating only when the clouds start in anti-phase. But at higher temperatures, phase fluctuations trigger vortex production over a wide range of initial relative phase, as observed in recent experiments at MIT. Choosing the merge time to maximize the number of vortices created makes the interferometer highly sensitive to spatially varying phase patterns and hence atomic movement.
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