天体物理学与AMS-02实验
Astrophysics with the AMS-02 experiment
摘要：
阿尔法磁谱仪（AMS）的最终版本AMS-02将安装在国际空间站上至少三年，这是一种探测器，旨在使用最先进的粒子识别技术，测量能量高达TeV的带电宇宙射线谱，并具有高达几百GeV的高能光子探测能力。探测器原型（AMS-01）在航天飞机上成功飞行后，由于AMS-02的曝光时间较长，预计它将大大改进目前对强子宇宙射线的元素和同位素组成的认识（至少3年）和大接受度（0.5 m^2 sr），这将使它能够收集超过10^10个核的总统计数据。探测器的能力，电荷，速度和质量识别，估计从离子束测试和详细的蒙特卡罗模拟，提出。简要讨论了AMS-02所涉及的宇宙线天体物理学的有关问题，包括宇宙线传播模型的检验、星系约束时间和太阳活动周对局部宇宙线通量的影响。
英文摘要：
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS), whose final version AMS-02 is to be installed on the International Space Station (ISS) for at least 3 years, is a detector designed to measure charged cosmic ray spectra with energies up to the TeV region and with high energy photon detection capability up to a few hundred GeV, using state-of-the-art particle identification techniques. Following the successful flight of the detector prototype (AMS-01) aboard the space shuttle, AMS-02 is expected to provide a significant improvement on the current knowledge of the elemental and isotopic composition of hadronic cosmic rays due to its long exposure time (minimum of 3 years) and large acceptance (0.5 m^2 sr) which will enable it to collect a total statistics of more than 10^10 nuclei. Detector capabilities for charge, velocity and mass identification, estimated from ion beam tests and detailed Monte Carlo simulations, are presented. Relevant issues in cosmic ray astrophysics addressed by AMS-02, including the test of cosmic ray propagation models, galactic confinement times and the influence of solar cycles on the local cosmic ray flux, are briefly discussed.
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