超级地球上Plate Tectonics的必然性
Inevitability of Plate Tectonics on Super-Earths
摘要：
最近对超级地球（质量小于或等于10个地球质量）的发现引发了一场关于宜居世界条件的讨论。其中之一是对流模式，它会影响行星的热演化和表面状况。在地球上，板块构造被认为是生命存在的必要条件。在这里，我们表明，超级地球也将有板块构造。我们证明，随着行星质量的增加，可用于克服板块运动阻力的剪切应力增加，而板块厚度减小，从而增强板块的弱点。这些效应有利于板块构造的重要组成部分--岩石圈的俯冲。此外，随着质量的增加，在一个地球质量状态下实现板块构造的不确定性消失了：超级地球，即使干燥，也会表现出板块构造行为。
英文摘要：
The recent discovery of super-Earths (masses less or equal to 10 earth-masses) has initiated a discussion about conditions for habitable worlds. Among these is the mode of convection, which influences a planet's thermal evolution and surface conditions. On Earth, plate tectonics has been proposed as a necessary condition for life. Here we show, that super-Earths will also have plate tectonics. We demonstrate that as planetary mass increases, the shear stress available to overcome resistance to plate motion increases while the plate thickness decreases, thereby enhancing plate weakness. These effects contribute favorably to the subduction of the lithosphere, an essential component of plate tectonics. Moreover, uncertainties in achieving plate tectonics in the one earth-mass regime disappear as mass increases: super-Earths, even if dry, will exhibit plate tectonic behaviour.
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