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arXiv 0709.4240astro-ph
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碳增强对贫金属星额外混合的影响

The Impact of Carbon Enhancement on Extra Mixing in Metal-Poor Stars

Pavel A. Denissenkov, Marc Pinsonneault

摘要:

我们批判性地研究了碳增强贫金属(CEMP)恒星对红巨星混合机制的约束。CEMP恒星是当贫金属矮星的表面层通过演化的供体的质量转移而富含He燃烧产物时产生的。主序(MS)和红巨星CEMP丰度之间的差异可以被用来作为一个诊断的时间尺度的混合处理的材料到恒星内部的MS. Abnormal趋势与亮度之间的红巨星CEMP恒星测试理论的规范额外混合低质量的巨人与高散装金属丰度。我们发现一个显着的稀释CN富集在巨大的CEMP星相对于他们的MS前体,并以此为证据,热盐混合诱导的平均分子量反转是无效的CEMP星。这与依赖于红巨星中小μ梯度引起的有效热盐混合的模型相矛盾,因为这样的模型预测具有大μ反转的MS CEMP恒星将在很短的时间尺度上均匀化。这些数据不排除较慢的MS温盐混合与以前公布的估计。我们还发现,典型的额外混合强烈抑制CEMP巨星相对于恒星具有相同的铁丰度。一个可能的原因是在非平衡CN处理的位置相对于陡峭的亩梯度的氢燃烧壳,这也发生在太阳金属丰度RGB恒星的转变。CEMP星吸积的质量和典型的额外混合机制的影响进行了讨论。

英文摘要:

We critically examine the constraints imposed by carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars on the mixing mechanisms that operate in red giants. CEMP stars are created when the surface layers of a metal-poor dwarf are enriched with He-burning products via mass transfer from an evolved donor. The difference between main sequence (MS) and red giant CEMP abundances can be used as a diagnostic of the timescale for the mixing of the processed material into stellar interiors on the MS. Abundance trends with luminosity among red giant CEMP stars test theories of canonical extra mixing for low mass giants with a high bulk metallicity. We find a significant dilution in CN enrichment in giant CEMP stars relative to their MS precursors, and take this as evidence that thermohaline mixing induced by mean molecular weight inversions is ineffective in CEMP stars. This contradicts models that rely on efficient thermohaline mixing induced by small mu gradients in red giants, because such models would predict that MS CEMP stars with large mu inversions would be homogenized on a very short timescale. The data do not rule out slower MS thermohaline mixing comparable to previously published estimates. We also find that canonical extra mixing is strongly suppressed in CEMP giants relative to stars with the same iron abundance. A likely cause is the shift in the location of non-equilibrium CN processing relative to the steep mu gradient in the hydrogen burning shell, which also occurs in solar metallicity RGB stars. Implications for the mass accreted by CEMP stars and the mechanism for canonical extra mixing are discussed.

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