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arXiv 0709.1784astro-ph
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FRI喷流演化和命运的数值模拟。关于3C 31

A numerical simulation of the evolution and fate of a FRI jet. The case of 3C 31

M. Perucho, J. M. Marti

摘要:

FRI喷流的演化一直在FRI-FRII二分法的框架内进行研究。在本文中,我们测试目前的理论和观测模型,通过相对论数值模拟的喷流在射电星系3C 31。我们使用的参数来自\cite{lb02a,lb02b}作为输入参数的模拟源的演变,从而假设他们没有改变整个生命周期的源。我们模拟了3C 31中喷流总寿命的10%。使用大气的真实密度和压力梯度。模拟包括一个两组分相对论气体的状态方程,允许轻子和重子物质的单独治疗。我们比较我们的结果与源的观测数据的建模。我们的研究结果表明,弓冲击演变自相似的准恒定的速度,在模拟结束时略有减速,与最近的X射线观测表明,在FRI源的弓冲击的存在。射流膨胀,直到相对于周围介质成为负压,然后再变湿。随后围绕压力平衡的振荡和驻激波的产生导致射流的质量加载和中断。我们推导出一个估计的最小年龄的来源$t>1. 10^8 \rm{yrs}$,这可能意味着连续活动的3C 31,因为它的活动的触发。模拟结果表明,弱的CSS源可能是FRI的年轻对应源,3C 31中观测到的喷流性质基本上可以通过立激波方案得到恢复。

英文摘要:

The evolution of FRI jets has been long studied in the framework of the FRI-FRII dichotomy. In this paper, we test the present theoretical and observational models via a relativistic numerical simulation of the jets in the radio galaxy 3C 31. We use the parameters derived from the modelling presented by \cite{lb02a,lb02b} as input parameters for the simulation of the evolution of the source, thus assuming that they have not varied over the lifetime of the source. We simulate about 10 % of the total lifetime of the jets in 3C 31. Realistic density and pressure gradients for the atmosphere are used. The simulation includes an equation of state for a two-component relativistic gas that allows a separate treatment of leptonic and baryonic matter. We compare our results with the modelling of the observational data of the source. Our results show that the bow shock evolves self-similarly at a quasi-constant speed, with slight deceleration by the end of the simulation, in agreement with recent X-ray observations that show the presence of bow shocks in FRI sources. The jet expands until it becomes underpressured with respect to the ambient medium, and then recollimates. Subsequent oscillations around pressure equilibrium and generation of standing shocks lead to the mass loading and disruption of the jet flow. We derive an estimate for the minimum age of the source of $t>1. 10^8 \rm{yrs}$, which may imply continuous activity of 3C 31 since the triggering of its activity. The simulation shows that weak CSS sources may be the young counterparts of FRIs. We conclude that the observed properties of the jets in 3C 31 are basically recovered by the standing shock scenario.

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