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arXiv 0709.1267astro-ph
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Local Group星系团正在形成的恒星:III。寻找明亮的蓝色变星和其他H-α发射线星

A Survey of Local Group Galaxies Currently Forming Stars: III. A Search for Luminous Blue Variables and Other H-alpha Emission-Lined Stars

Philip Massey, Reagin T. McNill, K. A. G. Olsen, Paul W. Hodge, Cynthia Blaha, George H. Jacoby, R. C. Smith, Shay B. Strong

摘要:

我们描述了一个搜索的H-α发射线的恒星在M31,M33,和七个矮星或附近的本集团(IC 10,NGC 6822,WLM,六分仪B,六分仪A,飞马座和凤凰矮星)使用干涉滤波器成像与KPNO和CTIO 4米望远镜和马赛克相机。该调查的主要目的是从光谱相似性中识别新的发光蓝变星(LBV),避免对光度变化的偏见,如果LBV经历长时间的静止期,可能需要几个世纪才能表现出来。WIYN的后续光谱学证实,我们的调查发现了大量光谱与已知LBV相似的恒星。我们“分类”已知LBV的光谱,并将其与新LBV候选者的光谱进行比较。我们展示了几个新的LBV候选者,如AM 2,以前被归类为沃尔夫-拉叶星,现在显示FeI,FeII和巴耳末发射线,但既没有NIII 4634,42也没有HeII 4686发射,它在1982年。其他疑似和已知的LBV也出现了深刻的光谱变化。在过去10-20年中,几个LBV候选者也显示出V>0.5等的变化。目前已知或疑似的LBV数量是M31中的24个,M33中的37个,NGC 6822中的1个,IC 10中的3个。我们估计M31和M33中的LBV总数可能有几百个,而历史上通过大尺度光度变化已知的只有8个。这对LBV阶段的时间尺度具有重大影响。我们还确定了一些新的WR和特殊的排放线对象。

英文摘要:

We describe a search for H-alpha emission-lined stars in M31, M33, and seven dwarfs in or near the Local Group (IC 10, NGC 6822, WLM, Sextans B, Sextans A, Pegasus and the Phoenix dwarf) using interference filter imaging with the KPNO and CTIO 4-m telescope and Mosaic cameras. The survey is aimed primarily at identifying new Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs) from their spectroscopic similarity to known LBVs, avoiding the bias towards photometric variability, which may require centuries to manifest itself if LBVs go through long quiescent periods. Followup spectroscopy with WIYN confirms that our survey detected a wealth of stars whose spectra are similar to the known LBVs. We "classify" the spectra of known LBVs, and compare these to the spectra of the new LBV candidates. We demonstrate spectacular spectral variability for several of the new LBV candidates, such as AM2, previously classified as a Wolf-Rayet star, which now shows FeI, FeII and Balmer emission lines but neither the NIII 4634,42 nor HeII 4686 emission that it did in 1982. Profound spectral changes are also noted for other suspected and known LBVs. Several of the LBV candidates also show >0.5 mag changes in V over the past 10-20 years. The number of known or suspected LBVs is now 24 in M31, 37 in M33, 1 in NGC 6822, and 3 in IC 10. We estimate that the total number of LBVs in M31 and M33 may be several hundred, in contrast to the 8 known historically through large-scale photometric variability. This has significant implications for the time scale of the LBV phase. We also identify a few new WRs and peculiar emission-lined objects.

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