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arXiv 0708.1012physics.atom-ph
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Cs蒸气自旋交换弛豫自由磁测量

Spin-exchange relaxation free magnetometry with Cs vapor

M. P. Ledbetter, I. M. Savukov, V. M. Acosta, D. Budker, M. V. Romalis

摘要:

我们描述了一个Cs原子磁强计工作在自旋交换弛豫自由(SERF)制度。当自旋交换速率为$Γ_{SE}=14000 {\rm s^{-1}}$时,随着$103^\circ\rm{C}$的蒸气室温度,我们实现了对应于$300 {\rm s^{-1}}$的电子自旋弛豫速率的内禀磁共振宽度$ΔB=17 {\rm μG}$。我们还观察到一个有趣的窄化效应,由于扩散。信噪比测量产生大约$400\thinspace{\rm pG/\sqrt{Hz}}$的灵敏度。基于光子散粒噪声,我们预测了$40 {\rm pG/\sqrt{Hz}}$的灵敏度。磁力计的理论优化表明在$1 {\rm cm^3}$体积中应该可以实现$2 {\rm pG/\sqrt{Hz}}$量级的灵敏度。由于Cs具有比其他碱金属更高的饱和蒸汽压,因此使用Cs原子的SERF磁力计在需要较低温度的应用中特别有吸引力。

英文摘要:

We describe a Cs atomic magnetometer operating in the spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) regime. With a vapor cell temperature of $103^\circ\rm{C}$ we achieve intrinsic magnetic resonance widths $ΔB=17 {\rm μG}$ corresponding to an electron spin-relaxation rate of $300 {\rm s^{-1}}$ when the spin-exchange rate is $Γ_{SE}=14000 {\rm s^{-1}}$. We also observe an interesting narrowing effect due to diffusion. Signal-to-noise measurements yield a sensitivity of about $400\thinspace{\rm pG/\sqrt{Hz}}$. Based on photon shot noise, we project a sensitivity of $40 {\rm pG/\sqrt{Hz}}$. A theoretical optimization of the magnetometer indicates sensitivities on the order of $2 {\rm pG/\sqrt{Hz}}$ should be achievable in a $1 {\rm cm^3}$ volume. Because Cs has a higher saturated vapor pressure than other alkali metals, SERF magnetometers using Cs atoms are particularly attractive in applications requiring lower temperatures.

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