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arXiv 0708.0148astro-ph
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X射线双星吸积流行为的模拟

Modelling the behaviour of accretion flows in X-ray binaries

Chris Done, Marek Gierlinski, Aya Kubota

摘要:

我们回顾了最近增加的X射线和射电数据从黑洞和中子星双星可以合并在一起的理论进展,给出一个连贯的图片的物理吸积流在强引力。这两个长期的X射线光变曲线,X射线光谱,快速的X射线的变化和无线电喷流的行为是一致的一个模型,其中一个标准的外吸积盘被截断在低光度,被取代的热,内流也作为发射场的喷气。减小盘截断半径导致更软的谱,以及功率谱中的更高频率(包括QPO)和更快的射流。当圆盘到达最后一个稳定轨道时,热流的坍缩引发了射电通量的急剧下降,同时也对黑洞和中子星中主要的硬-软光谱跃迁给出了定性(通常是定量)的解释。在热的内流坍缩后,黑洞系统的光谱可以由盘发射控制。它的行为与最后一个稳定轨道的存在是一致的,这样的数据可以用来估计黑洞的自旋。这些系统也可以在这些高光度下显示出非常不同的光谱,其中圆盘光谱被康普顿化强烈扭曲。吸积流的结构随着光度接近(甚至超过)爱丁顿光度而变得越来越不确定,尽管有越来越多的证据表明风扮演着重要的角色。我们强调,这些高爱丁顿分数流是理解许多不同的,目前非常活跃的领域,如ULX,窄线塞弗特1的,和早期宇宙中的第一个黑洞的增长的关键。

英文摘要:

(abridged) We review how the recent increase in X-ray and radio data from black hole and neutron star binaries can be merged together with theoretical advances to give a coherent picture of the physics of the accretion flow in strong gravity. Both long term X-ray light curves, X-ray spectra, the rapid X-ray variability and the radio jet behaviour are consistent with a model where a standard outer accretion disc is truncated at low luminosities, being replaced by a hot, inner flow which also acts as the launching site of the jet. Decreasing the disc truncation radius leads to softer spectra, as well as higher frequencies (including QPO's) in the power spectra, and a faster jet. The collapse of the hot flow when the disc reaches the last stable orbit triggers the dramatic decrease in radio flux, as well as giving a qualitative (and often quantitative) explanation for the major hard--soft spectral transition seen in black holes and neutron stars. After collapse of the hot inner flow, the spectrum in black hole systems can be dominated by the disc emission. Its behaviour is consistent with the existence of a last stable orbit, and such data can be used to estimate the black hole spin. These systems can also show very different spectra at these high luminosities, in which the disc spectrum is strongly distorted by Comptonization. The structure of the accretion flow becomes increasingly uncertain as the luminosity approaches (and exceeds) the Eddington luminosity, though there is growing evidence that winds play an important role. We stress that these high Eddington fraction flows are key to understanding many disparate and currently very active fields such as ULX, Narrow Line Seyfert 1's, and the growth of the first black holes in the Early Universe.

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