疏散星团中奥尔特云的形成
The Formation of the Oort Cloud in Open Cluster Environments
摘要：
我们研究了疏散星团环境对奥尔特云的形成和当前结构的影响。为了做到这一点，我们已经运行了19个不同的4.5 Gyrs奥尔特云形成的模拟。在每个模拟中，太阳系在过渡到当前的场环境之前，在不同的疏散星团环境中度过了它的前100百万年。我们发现，相比于形成在现场环境中，内部奥尔特云是优先加载彗星，而太阳居住在疏散星团，这种材料的大部分仍然锁定在内部的云为未来4.4 Gyrs。此外，我们在模拟中观察到的外部奥尔特云捕获效率比以前的形成模型低约2倍，可能意味着更大规模的早期星子盘。此外，我们的一些模拟再现了观测到的扩展散射盘天体的轨道，这可能是对太阳早期环境的观测约束。根据特定的疏散星团环境，内部奥尔特云和扩展的散射盘的属性可以有很大的不同。另一方面，在我们的每一次模拟中，奥尔特云的外部都是相似的。
英文摘要：
We study the influence of an open cluster environment on the formation and current structure of the Oort cloud. To do this, we have run 19 different simulations of the formation of the Oort Cloud for 4.5 Gyrs. In each simulation, the solar system spends its first 100 Myrs in a different open cluster environment before transitioning to its current field environment. We find that, compared to forming in the field environment, the inner Oort Cloud is preferentially loaded with comets while the Sun resides in the open cluster and that most of this material remains locked in the interior of the cloud for the next 4.4 Gyrs. In addition, the outer Oort Cloud trapping efficiencies we observe in our simulations are lower than previous formation models by about a factor of 2, possibly implying an even more massive early planetesimal disk. Furthermore, some of our simulations reproduce the orbits of observed extended scattered disk objects, which may serve as an observational constraint on the Sun's early environment. Depending on the particular open cluster environment, the properties of the inner Oort Cloud and extended scattered disk can vary widely. On the other hand, the outer portions of the Oort Cloud in each of our simulations are all similar.
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