~（206）Pb辐射中子俘获截面的测量及其天体物理意义
Measurement of the radiative neutron capture cross section of 206Pb and its astrophysical implications
摘要：
在欧洲核子研究中心（CERN）n_TOF装置上，利用两个优化的C6 D 6探测器，在1 eV ~ 600 keV能量范围内，以高分辨率测量了206 Pb的（n，γ）截面。在所研究的能量间隔中，可以观察到大约130个共振，其中61个具有足够的统计数据，可以通过R矩阵分析代码SAMMY进行可靠的分析。实验的不确定性被最小化，特别是相对于（i）角分布的即时捕获伽马射线的影响，和（ii）TOF依赖的背景，由于样品散射中子。其他背景成分通过富集208 Pb样品的背景测量来解决。通过蒙特卡罗模拟仔细校正了C6 D 6探测器脉冲高度谱中较低能量截止的影响。与以前的206 Pb值相比，麦克斯韦平均捕获截面从这些数据得出的约20%和9%，分别在5 keV和30 keV的热能低。这些新结果对206 Pb的s过程丰度有直接影响，这是对基于238 U衰变的宇宙钟解释的重要测试。
英文摘要：
The (n, gamma) cross section of 206Pb has been measured at the CERN n_TOF facility with high resolution in the energy range from 1 eV to 600 keV by using two optimized C6D6 detectors. In the investigated energy interval about 130 resonances could be observed, from which 61 had enough statistics to be reliably analyzed via the R-matrix analysis code SAMMY. Experimental uncertainties were minimized, in particular with respect to (i) angular distribution effects of the prompt capture gamma-rays, and to (ii) the TOF-dependent background due to sample-scattered neutrons. Other background components were addressed by background measurements with an enriched 208Pb sample. The effect of the lower energy cutoff in the pulse height spectra of the C6D6 detectors was carefully corrected via Monte Carlo simulations. Compared to previous 206Pb values, the Maxwellian averaged capture cross sections derived from these data are about 20% and 9% lower at thermal energies of 5 keV and 30 keV, respectively. These new results have a direct impact on the s-process abundance of 206Pb, which represents an important test for the interpretation of the cosmic clock based on the decay of 238U.
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