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arXiv 0707.2674astro-ph
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I型迁移对热木星系统中类地行星形成的影响

The effect of type I migration on the formation of terrestrial planets in hot-Jupiter systems

Martyn J. Fogg, Richard P. Nelson

摘要:

内容:我们之前关于巨行星通过内部原行星/微行星盘迁移的模型发现,巨牧羊人将其遇到的一部分物质带入内部轨道,同时将其余物质分散到外部轨道。散射往往占主导地位,留下大量的物质,可以吸积成类地行星。目的:我们添加到我们的模型可能的现实主义,通过模拟I型迁移力,导致向内漂移,和强大的偏心率和倾斜阻尼的原行星体。这种额外的耗散可能会以散射为代价来增强牧羊效应,这可能会修改我们以前的结论。研究方法:我们采用了N体代码,是链接到一个粘性气体盘算法能够模拟:气体吸积到中央恒星;在附近的巨行星的间隙形成; II型迁移的巨行星; I型迁移的原行星;和气体阻力对星子的影响。我们使用代码重新运行三个场景,从以前的工作,其中类型I迁移不包括在内。结果如下:由I型迁移引入的额外耗散增强了材料的向内引导,但并没有严重减少散射。我们发现超过50%的固态盘物质仍然在分散的外部轨道中幸存下来:其中大部分在< 3 AU的位置完成了陆地行星形成。圆盘的牧羊部分吸积成热地球,在我们的模拟期间,它们在内部轨道上生存。结论:富含水的类地行星可以在热木星系统的宜居带形成,热地球和热海王星也可能存在。这些系统应该是未来行星搜索任务的目标。

英文摘要:

Context: Our previous models of a giant planet migrating through an inner protoplanet/planetesimal disk find that the giant shepherds a portion of the material it encounters into interior orbits, whilst scattering the rest into external orbits. Scattering tends to dominate, leaving behind abundant material that can accrete into terrestrial planets. Aims: We add to the possible realism of our model by simulating type I migration forces which cause an inward drift, and strong eccentricity and inclination damping of protoplanetary bodies. This extra dissipation might be expected to enhance shepherding at the expense of scattering, possibly modifying our previous conclusions. Methods: We employ an N-body code that is linked to a viscous gas disk algorithm capable of simulating: gas accretion onto the central star; gap formation in the vicinity of the giant planet; type II migration of the giant planet; type I migration of protoplanets; and the effect of gas drag on planetesimals. We use the code to re-run three scenarios from a previous work where type I migration was not included. Results: The additional dissipation introduced by type I migration enhances the inward shepherding of material but does not severely reduce scattering. We find that > 50% of the solids disk material still survives the migration in scattered exterior orbits: most of it well placed to complete terrestrial planet formation at < 3 AU. The shepherded portion of the disk accretes into hot-Earths, which survive in interior orbits for the duration of our simulations. Conclusions: Water-rich terrestrial planets can form in the habitable zones of hot-Jupiter systems and hot-Earths and hot-Neptunes may also be present. These systems should be targets of future planet search missions.

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