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arXiv 0707.2597astro-ph
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快速变化的吸积和AGN反馈

Rapidly varying accretion and AGN feedback

Edward C. D. Pope

摘要:

活动星系核的吸积速率在短时间尺度上可能变化很大;比椭圆星系和星系团中X射线发射气体的典型冷却时间要短得多。使用Langevin方法,它示出,对于一个简单的反馈系统,这可以引起AGN功率输出的变化,是更大的幅度,并持续更长的时间尺度,比初始波动。这意味着,丰富的星系团预计将显示出最大和最长寿命的波动。吸积率的随机变化也意味着活动星系核在很宽的时间尺度上注入能量。这使得活动星系核与其周围环境保持着比周期性激活时更紧密的平衡。如果瞬时吸积率(按喷流功率换算)对数正态变化,则可以解释Allen等人在2006年发现的Bondi吸积率与喷流功率之间可能存在的非线性相关性。这一解释也意味着活动星系核活动的占空比随着周围环境的辐射损失而增加,与Best et al 2005定性一致。

英文摘要:

Accretion rates onto AGN are likely to be extremely variable on short timescales; much shorter than the typical cooling time of X-ray emitting gas in elliptical galaxies and galaxy clusters. Using the Langevin approach it is shown that, for a simple feedback system, this can induce variability in the AGN power output that is of much larger amplitude, and persists for longer timescales, than the initial fluctuations. An implication of this is that rich galaxy clusters are expected to show the largest and longest-lived fluctuations. Stochastic variations in the accretion rate also mean that the AGN injects energy across a wide range of timescales. This allows the AGN to maintain a much closer balance with its surroundings than if it was periodically activated. The possible non-linear correlation between Bondi accretion rate and jet power, found by Allen et al 2006, can be explained if the instantaneous accretion rate, scaled by jet power, varies log-normally. This explanation also implies that the duty cycle of AGN activity increases with the radiative losses of the surroundings, in qualitative agreement with Best et al 2005.

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