量子最优控制理论

摘要：

通过特别定制的激光脉冲控制量子动力学是物理学和化学的长期目标。在某种程度上，这个梦想已经实现，因为复杂的脉冲整形实验可以连贯地控制化学反应的产物比例。利用量子最优控制理论（QOCT），可以实现从初始态到给定终态的激光脉冲的理论设计。本教程介绍QOCT。它显示了如何控制方程定义这样一个最佳的脉冲遵循从一个适当定义的功能的变化。我们解释了最成功的方案来解决这些控制方程，并展示了如何将额外的约束在脉冲设计。然后将该算法应用于简单的量子系统，并对获得的脉冲进行了分析。除了传统的最后时刻控制方法，本教程还提出了一个算法和一个例子来处理时间相关的控制目标。

英文摘要：

The control of quantum dynamics via specially tailored laser pulses is a long-standing goal in physics and chemistry. Partly, this dream has come true, as sophisticated pulse shaping experiments allow to coherently control product ratios of chemical reactions. The theoretical design of the laser pulse to transfer an initial state to a given final state can be achieved with the help of quantum optimal control theory (QOCT). This tutorial provides an introduction to QOCT. It shows how the control equations defining such an optimal pulse follow from the variation of a properly defined functional. We explain the most successful schemes to solve these control equations and show how to incorporate additional constraints in the pulse design. The algorithms are then applied to simple quantum systems and the obtained pulses are analyzed. Besides the traditional final-time control methods, the tutorial also presents an algorithm and an example to handle time-dependent control targets.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。